Counselling in Batheaston

Photo of Zoe Feldwick, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Zoe Feldwick
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1
I am an integrative therapeutic counsellor. I do what I do because I love helping clients step away from anxiety, low mood, overwhelm and low self-esteem, and instead step into their power, discovering their potential with kindness and compassion. I work face to face, online and in the outdoors in the countryside surrounding Bath - so if you're a wild soul who loves being outside, I may be the counsellor for you!
I am an integrative therapeutic counsellor. I do what I do because I love helping clients step away from anxiety, low mood, overwhelm and low self-esteem, and instead step into their power, discovering their potential with kindness and compassion. I work face to face, online and in the outdoors in the countryside surrounding Bath - so if you're a wild soul who loves being outside, I may be the counsellor for you!
01225 234538 View 01225 234538
Photo of Lina Helena Milner, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Lina Helena Milner
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1
My specialism is relationship and sex therapy for couples and individuals. Every relationship has a challenge, but if you feel that the problem has persisted for too long and caused a lot of distress for you, do contact me and we can have a conversation about the type of counselling that will suit your needs. I also work with individuals who and trying get over break up or have difficulties in forming or ending relationships. I offer an empathetic, safe, and professional environment within which we can work together to facilitate the potential for change in the relationship and work towards sexual health, happiness and well-being.
My specialism is relationship and sex therapy for couples and individuals. Every relationship has a challenge, but if you feel that the problem has persisted for too long and caused a lot of distress for you, do contact me and we can have a conversation about the type of counselling that will suit your needs. I also work with individuals who and trying get over break up or have difficulties in forming or ending relationships. I offer an empathetic, safe, and professional environment within which we can work together to facilitate the potential for change in the relationship and work towards sexual health, happiness and well-being.
07723 456237 View 07723 456237
Photo of Marc Le Galle, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Marc Le Galle
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Batheaston BA1
Hi I'm Marc and I have a Masters in Counselling & Psychotherapy. Engaging in counselling is an act of courage and can be a rewarding and healing experience. I believe that every one of us has the capacity to change and become the best they can be. Coming to therapy can feel like a big decision and finding the right therapist for you can sometimes feel like a daunting task. I believe that the therapy relationship is key to personal growth, feeling understood, supported and helped through challenging and distressing life experiences.
Hi I'm Marc and I have a Masters in Counselling & Psychotherapy. Engaging in counselling is an act of courage and can be a rewarding and healing experience. I believe that every one of us has the capacity to change and become the best they can be. Coming to therapy can feel like a big decision and finding the right therapist for you can sometimes feel like a daunting task. I believe that the therapy relationship is key to personal growth, feeling understood, supported and helped through challenging and distressing life experiences.
01934 314485 View 01934 314485
Photo of Louise Urquhart - Rewired Counselling, MA, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Rewired Counselling
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Batheaston BA1
Sometimes in life, the public face we present can be very different to the private experience behind the mask. Our emotional distress can get in the way of us being able to live our life fully. I offer a safe space to reveal the private experience and change the narrative. After gaining an understanding of what you are going through, together we build ways to help improve your mood and get you doing what you want to be doing.
Sometimes in life, the public face we present can be very different to the private experience behind the mask. Our emotional distress can get in the way of us being able to live our life fully. I offer a safe space to reveal the private experience and change the narrative. After gaining an understanding of what you are going through, together we build ways to help improve your mood and get you doing what you want to be doing.
07971 809123 View 07971 809123
Photo of Jacqueline Elizabeth Smikle, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Jacqueline Elizabeth Smikle
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1
A qualified Counsellor/Psychotherapist registered with the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). The focus of my work is reparative which is at the heart of what I do. I help people to understand and repair relationships. I provide a non-judgmental counselling space for people to talk through challenging feelings, emotions, and life experiences. My working style is collaborative, which is embedded in my work enabling adults, children, young people, couples and family groups to achieve their desired outcome. My approach is integrative Person Centre, Psychodynamic and Intercultural Therapy.
A qualified Counsellor/Psychotherapist registered with the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). The focus of my work is reparative which is at the heart of what I do. I help people to understand and repair relationships. I provide a non-judgmental counselling space for people to talk through challenging feelings, emotions, and life experiences. My working style is collaborative, which is embedded in my work enabling adults, children, young people, couples and family groups to achieve their desired outcome. My approach is integrative Person Centre, Psychodynamic and Intercultural Therapy.
020 3835 3791 View 020 3835 3791
Photo of Jonathan Wilkes, MBACP, Counsellor
Jonathan Wilkes
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Batheaston BA1
I’m a qualified Psychosynthesis counsellor. Psychosynthesis is a broad and inclusive system which has many different techniques and approaches that can be tailored to you and your needs, given that you are unique! I emphasize warmth, kindness, sensitivity and empathy in my approach. I work with people who are experiencing; depression, anxiety, anger and rage, loss and grief, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, feelings of despair and childhood abuse and trauma. I work with people to achieve real, concrete, lasting change in their lives - and have received plenty of positive feedback confirming this!
I’m a qualified Psychosynthesis counsellor. Psychosynthesis is a broad and inclusive system which has many different techniques and approaches that can be tailored to you and your needs, given that you are unique! I emphasize warmth, kindness, sensitivity and empathy in my approach. I work with people who are experiencing; depression, anxiety, anger and rage, loss and grief, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, feelings of despair and childhood abuse and trauma. I work with people to achieve real, concrete, lasting change in their lives - and have received plenty of positive feedback confirming this!
0117 450 2960 View 0117 450 2960
Photo of Beth Bauer, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Beth Bauer
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1
Are you seeking a compassionate guide to help navigate the complexities of life and confront past traumas? Are you yearning for a safe and supportive environment where you can unravel the tangled threads of suffering? In my approach I incorporate body-centered techniques, recognizing the connection between mind and body. Working therapeutically with the nervous system offers profound benefits, fostering resilience and regulation in the face of stress and trauma. By addressing the physiological manifestations of distress, individuals can experience greater emotional stability and enhanced overall well-being.
Are you seeking a compassionate guide to help navigate the complexities of life and confront past traumas? Are you yearning for a safe and supportive environment where you can unravel the tangled threads of suffering? In my approach I incorporate body-centered techniques, recognizing the connection between mind and body. Working therapeutically with the nervous system offers profound benefits, fostering resilience and regulation in the face of stress and trauma. By addressing the physiological manifestations of distress, individuals can experience greater emotional stability and enhanced overall well-being.
01749 608659 View 01749 608659
Photo of Frances Hamilton, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Frances Hamilton
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1
Wondering what to do, unsure what or who can help. And how? Whatever is troubling you, whatever is getting you down you don't have to struggle alone. Talking to someone outside your circle of family, friends or even colleagues at work can be the start of a new path. A path where you can discover how you got to this place in your life. And perhaps more importantly what it is you are seeking.
Wondering what to do, unsure what or who can help. And how? Whatever is troubling you, whatever is getting you down you don't have to struggle alone. Talking to someone outside your circle of family, friends or even colleagues at work can be the start of a new path. A path where you can discover how you got to this place in your life. And perhaps more importantly what it is you are seeking.
01225 530259 View 01225 530259
Photo of Sarah Battye - Torden CBT, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Torden CBT
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Batheaston BA1  (Online Only)
Torden CBT provides 1-1 online psychotherapy to adults and young people using a cognitive behavioural approach. ​I am a BABCP accredited CBT Therapist, specialising in Anxiety and Depression, including, OCD, GAD, Panic, Specific Phobia and Depression. In our first session I try to focus on getting to know you as a whole person, to help gain a joint understanding of your experiences and how they influence you today.
Torden CBT provides 1-1 online psychotherapy to adults and young people using a cognitive behavioural approach. ​I am a BABCP accredited CBT Therapist, specialising in Anxiety and Depression, including, OCD, GAD, Panic, Specific Phobia and Depression. In our first session I try to focus on getting to know you as a whole person, to help gain a joint understanding of your experiences and how they influence you today.
01270 916573 View 01270 916573

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Anne Brown, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Anne Brown
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
What do most of us desire beneath it all?  To feel good, whole and comfortable within ourselves and in the relationships around us. That state of peaceful being resides within all of us but often past traumas and challenging life experiences have shaped who we have become, influencing the story of who we now think we are.  These beliefs often disconnect us from our true, best selves. Trauma happens, and often feelings of shame result. Living our lives wishing bad events never happened leave us feeling powerless but incorporating our past experiences in a way that does not debilitate, permits us to live with them, not ruled by them.
What do most of us desire beneath it all?  To feel good, whole and comfortable within ourselves and in the relationships around us. That state of peaceful being resides within all of us but often past traumas and challenging life experiences have shaped who we have become, influencing the story of who we now think we are.  These beliefs often disconnect us from our true, best selves. Trauma happens, and often feelings of shame result. Living our lives wishing bad events never happened leave us feeling powerless but incorporating our past experiences in a way that does not debilitate, permits us to live with them, not ruled by them.
01480 772095 View 01480 772095
Photo of Jess Crampton, UKCP Trainee, Psychotherapist
Jess Crampton
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
Hi, my name is Jess. Thank you for visiting my site today. In sessions with me you will be offered careful listening, and a willingness to join you where ever you are now. From me you will receive warmth and insight, both in terms of the training I have received, and from my own life experience. The work will progress at your pace, and I will be right there with you. Over the course of our sessions, you can learn to cope with your feelings, set appropriate boundaries, and experience a growing resilience.
Hi, my name is Jess. Thank you for visiting my site today. In sessions with me you will be offered careful listening, and a willingness to join you where ever you are now. From me you will receive warmth and insight, both in terms of the training I have received, and from my own life experience. The work will progress at your pace, and I will be right there with you. Over the course of our sessions, you can learn to cope with your feelings, set appropriate boundaries, and experience a growing resilience.
01249 479183 View 01249 479183
Photo of Maria Lucia Guarnieri, GMBPsS, Psychotherapist
Maria Lucia Guarnieri
Psychotherapist, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
Bath BA1  (Online Only)
Have you tried opening up about your concerns to a friend but you didn't feel heard, or the advice wasn't right for you? Does it feel like there is something you need to work on, but you don't know where to start? Well, maybe starting therapy is the right step forward. I offer you a safe space, where you can explore your strenghts and not only your 'issues'. Initially we will evaluate your needs and goals, your motivations towards change and how you relate to others and to your mind and body. I will often ask for your feedback, and therapeutic objectives are co-designed with you.
Have you tried opening up about your concerns to a friend but you didn't feel heard, or the advice wasn't right for you? Does it feel like there is something you need to work on, but you don't know where to start? Well, maybe starting therapy is the right step forward. I offer you a safe space, where you can explore your strenghts and not only your 'issues'. Initially we will evaluate your needs and goals, your motivations towards change and how you relate to others and to your mind and body. I will often ask for your feedback, and therapeutic objectives are co-designed with you.
0117 463 7328 View 0117 463 7328
Photo of Rose Sadowski, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap., Psychotherapist
Rose Sadowski
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bath BA1
At some point in life we all need some extra support. A caring and non-judgemental space to feel seen and heard in our experience. Someone to walk alongside us on our journey who is separate from our everyday lives, offering professional guidance & reflection. As a therapist, I aim to offer this in a way that feels congruent and helpful for you. I offer a space for you to process and understand your experience safely. When the world around us can often feel confusing and turbulent, the combination of Psychotherapy and creativity can offer containment, insight and the potential for positive change.
At some point in life we all need some extra support. A caring and non-judgemental space to feel seen and heard in our experience. Someone to walk alongside us on our journey who is separate from our everyday lives, offering professional guidance & reflection. As a therapist, I aim to offer this in a way that feels congruent and helpful for you. I offer a space for you to process and understand your experience safely. When the world around us can often feel confusing and turbulent, the combination of Psychotherapy and creativity can offer containment, insight and the potential for positive change.
0117 463 1778 View 0117 463 1778
Photo of Sally Nilsson, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Sally Nilsson
Psychotherapist, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
I offer autism and ADHD Integrative Counselling & Coaching. Here to listen to your experiences and support you. Are you experiencing burnouts, sensory difficulties, shutdowns or meltdowns? Have you thought you might be different but don't know why? I work with clients who think they may be Neurodivergent (Autistic, ADHD, OCD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Dyscalculia and Tourettes) or know that they are. Diagnosed and self diagnosed perfectly fine. Adults only. I offer a safe space for you to share your story and talk to someone with lived experience. I look forward to having a FREE 20 minute consult on the phone first.
I offer autism and ADHD Integrative Counselling & Coaching. Here to listen to your experiences and support you. Are you experiencing burnouts, sensory difficulties, shutdowns or meltdowns? Have you thought you might be different but don't know why? I work with clients who think they may be Neurodivergent (Autistic, ADHD, OCD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Dyscalculia and Tourettes) or know that they are. Diagnosed and self diagnosed perfectly fine. Adults only. I offer a safe space for you to share your story and talk to someone with lived experience. I look forward to having a FREE 20 minute consult on the phone first.
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Photo of Jacqui Edmiston - Jacqui Edmiston, Innox Counselling, BACP, Counsellor
Jacqui Edmiston, Innox Counselling
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
Asking for help can be very daunting: sometimes it’s hard even to articulate your thoughts, let alone work out how to find someone who might be able to help make sense of it all. I understand this. I’ve been an advocate of ‘talking therapy’ for many years and I know how comforting it can be to share what’s going on in a space that feels safe, supportive and kind. In fact it is my own experience of being a therapist’s client that has led me to the journey I am now on.
Asking for help can be very daunting: sometimes it’s hard even to articulate your thoughts, let alone work out how to find someone who might be able to help make sense of it all. I understand this. I’ve been an advocate of ‘talking therapy’ for many years and I know how comforting it can be to share what’s going on in a space that feels safe, supportive and kind. In fact it is my own experience of being a therapist’s client that has led me to the journey I am now on.
01225 435097 View 01225 435097
Photo of Suzi Morris, MSc, MHGI, Psychotherapist
Suzi Morris
Psychotherapist, MSc, MHGI
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, unresolved trauma, a major life change or simply feeling 'stuck', I can help you feel better, think more clearly and move forward quickly and positively. I believe we're all able to achieve lasting change in our lives, and I'll help you access your own strengths to make the changes you want. Sessions with me involve friendly discussion of your issues, cognitive therapy, BWRT techniques and thoughtful, practical strategies for moving forward. We won't spend lengthy sessions dwelling too long on the past: instead, I offer solution-focussed help based in the here and now.
If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, unresolved trauma, a major life change or simply feeling 'stuck', I can help you feel better, think more clearly and move forward quickly and positively. I believe we're all able to achieve lasting change in our lives, and I'll help you access your own strengths to make the changes you want. Sessions with me involve friendly discussion of your issues, cognitive therapy, BWRT techniques and thoughtful, practical strategies for moving forward. We won't spend lengthy sessions dwelling too long on the past: instead, I offer solution-focussed help based in the here and now.
01225 234506 View 01225 234506
Photo of Michael Tichelar, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Michael Tichelar
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
I use a variety of methods based on my training as a counsellor and psychotherapist. I am influenced by the person-centred approach of Carl Rogers, with his emphasis on empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard. .
I use a variety of methods based on my training as a counsellor and psychotherapist. I am influenced by the person-centred approach of Carl Rogers, with his emphasis on empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard. .
01480 279024 View 01480 279024
Photo of Julia Goldfinch, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Julia Goldfinch
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
As an experienced Accredited Counsellor, qualified since 2002, I am able to offer counselling that is tailored to your individual needs. As an Integrative Counsellor I use my knowledge of modalities including Humanistic, Transactional Analysis, Gestalt, CBT and my experience to provide a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space for people, in order to explore their thoughts, feelings and experiences safely at their own pace.
As an experienced Accredited Counsellor, qualified since 2002, I am able to offer counselling that is tailored to your individual needs. As an Integrative Counsellor I use my knowledge of modalities including Humanistic, Transactional Analysis, Gestalt, CBT and my experience to provide a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space for people, in order to explore their thoughts, feelings and experiences safely at their own pace.
01892 351113 View 01892 351113
Photo of Chris Northey-Vyse, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Chris Northey-Vyse
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bath BA1
Waitlist for new clients
Hi I'm Chris, an accredited CBT therapist, Dramatherapist and EMDR therapist. I work with children, young people and adults that are struggling with a range of mental health difficulties. I have been a therapist for over a decade and I have worked with all age ranges. My education, training and experience in multiple different settings means I am able to relate to what you might need, allowing us to create an effective treatment plan together. I have a collaborative approach as I know that you are the expert of your experiences. We work together to find the tools and techniques that will best help you.
Hi I'm Chris, an accredited CBT therapist, Dramatherapist and EMDR therapist. I work with children, young people and adults that are struggling with a range of mental health difficulties. I have been a therapist for over a decade and I have worked with all age ranges. My education, training and experience in multiple different settings means I am able to relate to what you might need, allowing us to create an effective treatment plan together. I have a collaborative approach as I know that you are the expert of your experiences. We work together to find the tools and techniques that will best help you.
01225 435158 View 01225 435158
Photo of Louise Dicks, DCounsPsych, BACP, Counsellor
Louise Dicks
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Verified Verified
Bath BA1
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or burned out by life’s demands? You’re not alone. As an experienced therapist, I’ve helped many clients navigate these challenges and achieve lasting change. My approach goes beyond surface solutions - together, we’ll clear the mental clutter, rebuild your resilience, and help you reconnect with what truly matters to you. Experience a transformation that brings clarity, balance, and renewed purpose to your life. Ready to feel calm, clear, and in control again? Let’s begin this healing journey together.
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or burned out by life’s demands? You’re not alone. As an experienced therapist, I’ve helped many clients navigate these challenges and achieve lasting change. My approach goes beyond surface solutions - together, we’ll clear the mental clutter, rebuild your resilience, and help you reconnect with what truly matters to you. Experience a transformation that brings clarity, balance, and renewed purpose to your life. Ready to feel calm, clear, and in control again? Let’s begin this healing journey together.
01225 234514 View 01225 234514

See more therapy options for Batheaston

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Batheaston

< 10

Counsellors in Batheaston who prioritize treating:

89% Depression
89% Anxiety
89% Trauma and PTSD
89% Self Esteem
89% Stress
78% Relationship Issues
67% Divorce

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Bupa
67% WPA
33% Cigna and Evernorth

How Counsellors in Batheaston see their clients

89% In Person and Online
11% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Batheaston?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.