Photo of Dr Hannah Cowan, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Hannah Cowan
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Not accepting new clients
Hello and a very warm welcome to you. My name is Dr Hannah Cowan and I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist working in private practice and the NHS. I provide a compassionate, warm, non-judgemental and effective psychological assessment and therapy service that is completely individualised to your needs and requirements. With over fifteen years of experience, I offer effective therapy for adults experiencing difficulties such as PTSD, anxiety, worry, depression, OCD, complex trauma and other psychological concerns that you may have. My fundamental aim is to work with you to reduce the emotional distress that you are experiencing.
Hello and a very warm welcome to you. My name is Dr Hannah Cowan and I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist working in private practice and the NHS. I provide a compassionate, warm, non-judgemental and effective psychological assessment and therapy service that is completely individualised to your needs and requirements. With over fifteen years of experience, I offer effective therapy for adults experiencing difficulties such as PTSD, anxiety, worry, depression, OCD, complex trauma and other psychological concerns that you may have. My fundamental aim is to work with you to reduce the emotional distress that you are experiencing.
01270 433520 View 01270 433520
Photo of Sarah Bennett, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Sarah Bennett
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Nantwich CW5  (Online Only)
My name is Sarah , I hold Accredited Registrant membership of The National Counselling Society . I work online to support clients using Teams, or Facetime to connect via either phone or video call. I am able to support adults and teenage/adolescent clients from the age of 11 . I am qualified and experienced to support clients in a range of issues such as: Depression Bereavement Relationships Counselling Loss Divorce Anger Negative Thinking Intrusive Thoughts Loneliness Eating Disorders Issues with Food, Pregnancy and Infant Loss Anxiety Management, Alcohol, Smoking and more
My name is Sarah , I hold Accredited Registrant membership of The National Counselling Society . I work online to support clients using Teams, or Facetime to connect via either phone or video call. I am able to support adults and teenage/adolescent clients from the age of 11 . I am qualified and experienced to support clients in a range of issues such as: Depression Bereavement Relationships Counselling Loss Divorce Anger Negative Thinking Intrusive Thoughts Loneliness Eating Disorders Issues with Food, Pregnancy and Infant Loss Anxiety Management, Alcohol, Smoking and more
01270 444996 View 01270 444996
Photo of Deb Haynes, MBACP, Counsellor
Deb Haynes
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hello, I'm Deb Haynes and I hope that I can help you. I work primarily with children and families, but also with individuals. I use a person centred approach and other techniques which I have trained in such as play therapy. Some of the stressful issues that a lot of people experience are, anxiety, bereavement (including pet bereavement), trauma, behavioural/trust issues, self-esteem issues, self-harming and harmful sexualized behaviour issues. Please get in touch.
Hello, I'm Deb Haynes and I hope that I can help you. I work primarily with children and families, but also with individuals. I use a person centred approach and other techniques which I have trained in such as play therapy. Some of the stressful issues that a lot of people experience are, anxiety, bereavement (including pet bereavement), trauma, behavioural/trust issues, self-esteem issues, self-harming and harmful sexualized behaviour issues. Please get in touch.
01270 906390 View 01270 906390
Photo of Jennie Kramer, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Jennie Kramer
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hello, I'm Jen and I have worked in a therapeutic and supportive capacity for over 23 years. This has given me extensive professional experience of supporting young people and adults through a wide range of difficulties, including (but not limited to) grief, loss, bereavement, addictions, childhood trauma, anxiety, depression, neurodiversity, physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse, relationship difficulties, domestic abuse, anger management and obsessive, compulsive behaviours. I also have personal, professional and research experience of infertility and how living with this can impact mental health and well being.
Hello, I'm Jen and I have worked in a therapeutic and supportive capacity for over 23 years. This has given me extensive professional experience of supporting young people and adults through a wide range of difficulties, including (but not limited to) grief, loss, bereavement, addictions, childhood trauma, anxiety, depression, neurodiversity, physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse, relationship difficulties, domestic abuse, anger management and obsessive, compulsive behaviours. I also have personal, professional and research experience of infertility and how living with this can impact mental health and well being.
01270 918010 View 01270 918010
Photo of Valerie Harding Davies, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Valerie Harding Davies
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I am an experienced psychotherapist. I work from an integrative, humanistic perspective. I firmly believe that every individual has enormous potential much of which is often untapped. My aim as a psychotherapist is to enable those with whom I work, to acknowledge and use their innate power and creativity. I am happy to work with individuals and or couples and have many years of experience. I work from home in Nantwich, Cheshire
I am an experienced psychotherapist. I work from an integrative, humanistic perspective. I firmly believe that every individual has enormous potential much of which is often untapped. My aim as a psychotherapist is to enable those with whom I work, to acknowledge and use their innate power and creativity. I am happy to work with individuals and or couples and have many years of experience. I work from home in Nantwich, Cheshire
01270 261030 View 01270 261030
Photo of Sarah Jones, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Sarah Jones
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hi I'm Sarah, as a therapist I love helping people who've been through troubles in life and can't pretend they are OK any longer.  If you've come to that moment where you know you need help processing past experiences to feel better for your future then I have the knowledge and expertise to help. With nearly a decade of experience as a qualified therapist, I have crafted my unique empathetic approach grounded in neuroscience and compassion.
Hi I'm Sarah, as a therapist I love helping people who've been through troubles in life and can't pretend they are OK any longer.  If you've come to that moment where you know you need help processing past experiences to feel better for your future then I have the knowledge and expertise to help. With nearly a decade of experience as a qualified therapist, I have crafted my unique empathetic approach grounded in neuroscience and compassion.
01270 433316 View 01270 433316
Photo of Nigel Cadman, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Nigel Cadman
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
I work in a person-centred manner which means that I value building a positive relationship with clients; working to create a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. This means that I want you to feel able to talk and express yourself about anything that may be troubling you. We talk about whatever you chose, and you can do so without fear of judgement. This enables you to become more comfortable with things as you discuss your thoughts freely, giving you an opportunity to consider things from different perspectives and over time building your confidence to explore different options and possibilities that are open to you.
I work in a person-centred manner which means that I value building a positive relationship with clients; working to create a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. This means that I want you to feel able to talk and express yourself about anything that may be troubling you. We talk about whatever you chose, and you can do so without fear of judgement. This enables you to become more comfortable with things as you discuss your thoughts freely, giving you an opportunity to consider things from different perspectives and over time building your confidence to explore different options and possibilities that are open to you.
01270 433834 View 01270 433834
Photo of Natalie Carter-Gibson, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Natalie Carter-Gibson
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients using techniques from different therapy methods from person centred, somatic and behavioural to CBT and solution focused and IFS. My focus is on the person in front of me and where they are at that moment. Any client arrives with an idea of what they want to look at, but the journey that follows is unique and generally directed by the client's needs. The difference can be evident so quickly once we move together towards a clearer understanding of how to move forward from the place the client began - its fulfilling and rewarding for all involved
I work with clients using techniques from different therapy methods from person centred, somatic and behavioural to CBT and solution focused and IFS. My focus is on the person in front of me and where they are at that moment. Any client arrives with an idea of what they want to look at, but the journey that follows is unique and generally directed by the client's needs. The difference can be evident so quickly once we move together towards a clearer understanding of how to move forward from the place the client began - its fulfilling and rewarding for all involved
01270 447578 View 01270 447578
Photo of Andrea Sarah Lawton, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Andrea Sarah Lawton
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
People access therapy for many different reasons, but generally we are most likely to reach out for help when our usual coping strategies are no longer effective. At these times it is not always helpful or possible to turn to family or friends, and their well-meaning support may not always help. I will provide a calm and confidential space where you will be able to safely share what is troubling you.
People access therapy for many different reasons, but generally we are most likely to reach out for help when our usual coping strategies are no longer effective. At these times it is not always helpful or possible to turn to family or friends, and their well-meaning support may not always help. I will provide a calm and confidential space where you will be able to safely share what is troubling you.
0161 524 1915 View 0161 524 1915
Photo of Connor Walker, MSc, BACP, Counsellor
Connor Walker
Counsellor, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
In therapy relationship is the most important thing, you need to feel comfortable and able to trust your therapist. I work with a lot of people that have had challenging experiences with counselling or are nervous to come to counselling. My goal is to make you as comfortable as possible. I work with a variety of mental health challenges and normally focus on achievable change. I also work with LGBTQ+ people to help them in an environment where they can feel supported and not have to worry about judgement.
In therapy relationship is the most important thing, you need to feel comfortable and able to trust your therapist. I work with a lot of people that have had challenging experiences with counselling or are nervous to come to counselling. My goal is to make you as comfortable as possible. I work with a variety of mental health challenges and normally focus on achievable change. I also work with LGBTQ+ people to help them in an environment where they can feel supported and not have to worry about judgement.
01707 241066 View 01707 241066
Photo of Diane Earl, MBACP, Counsellor
Diane Earl
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
We all struggle to make sense of experiences at times, for example, when our life is in transition as we are leaving home or taking on new caring responsibilities. As a counsellor I can offer the opportunity to talk in confidence. I have worked in mental health for over 20 years and have trained as a social worker as well as a counsellor. Social networks and our sense of connection, can contribute to our emotional resilience and ability to face life's challenges. I can help you find a broader perspective and your own way forward.
We all struggle to make sense of experiences at times, for example, when our life is in transition as we are leaving home or taking on new caring responsibilities. As a counsellor I can offer the opportunity to talk in confidence. I have worked in mental health for over 20 years and have trained as a social worker as well as a counsellor. Social networks and our sense of connection, can contribute to our emotional resilience and ability to face life's challenges. I can help you find a broader perspective and your own way forward.
07480 540068 View 07480 540068
Photo of Lesley Ann Greenwood, MSc, GMBPsS, Psychologist
Lesley Ann Greenwood
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
We all need to talk to someone at times, right now life is extremely difficult for many of us! Talking issues through is often the best way to deal with our conflicting emotions. I specialise in depression, anxiety, ​and weight management, along with mid-life transitions and relationship counseling. I believe talking to someone totally unconnected to the problem can help clients see their situation through fresh eyes. I use a combination of therapies to help clients restructure their lives and issues. I am based in a private location in South Cheshire. I also have clients based around the globe via video. Discretion is paramount!
We all need to talk to someone at times, right now life is extremely difficult for many of us! Talking issues through is often the best way to deal with our conflicting emotions. I specialise in depression, anxiety, ​and weight management, along with mid-life transitions and relationship counseling. I believe talking to someone totally unconnected to the problem can help clients see their situation through fresh eyes. I use a combination of therapies to help clients restructure their lives and issues. I am based in a private location in South Cheshire. I also have clients based around the globe via video. Discretion is paramount!
07449 891922 View 07449 891922
Photo of Amanda Jane Cassidy, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Amanda Jane Cassidy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
I enjoy working with clients, building a collaborative therapeutic relationship which supports a mutual understanding of their presenting difficulties. My role also helps to increase the client knowledge of evidence-based CBT strategies or EMDR to support beneficial change and reaching the clients identified goals. I draw upon my experiences of working as a cognitive behavioural therapist and mental health nurse, providing a safe, compassionate, and non-judgemental environment where clients can talk openly and access the support they are seeking.
I enjoy working with clients, building a collaborative therapeutic relationship which supports a mutual understanding of their presenting difficulties. My role also helps to increase the client knowledge of evidence-based CBT strategies or EMDR to support beneficial change and reaching the clients identified goals. I draw upon my experiences of working as a cognitive behavioural therapist and mental health nurse, providing a safe, compassionate, and non-judgemental environment where clients can talk openly and access the support they are seeking.
01829 700799 View 01829 700799
Photo of Sabrina Persiano, MA, PTUK, Psychotherapist
Sabrina Persiano
Psychotherapist, MA, PTUK
Verified Verified
It's not easy being a parent and it's not easy knowing that your child is going through a tough time. You might have noticed that their behaviour has become really difficult to handle and it is putting a strain on family life. Teachers might have noticed this in the classroom too. Sometimes, you might wonder if this is something you are going to have get used to. It doesn't have to be this way. I can help your child and your family have a well-deserved meaningful life, filled with happier memories.
It's not easy being a parent and it's not easy knowing that your child is going through a tough time. You might have noticed that their behaviour has become really difficult to handle and it is putting a strain on family life. Teachers might have noticed this in the classroom too. Sometimes, you might wonder if this is something you are going to have get used to. It doesn't have to be this way. I can help your child and your family have a well-deserved meaningful life, filled with happier memories.
01270 433151 View 01270 433151
Photo of Adam Bruce, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Adam Bruce
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Nantwich CW5  (Online Only)
At times it’s natural to feel overwhelmed and stressed out by life. That can create deep sadness, despair or loss of hope resulting in depression. Feeling fearful and anxious about life and the future can feel too much to cope with and have a really profound affect on everyday life. Sometimes it is recent events that are causing you to feel that you are really struggling while at other times those difficulties are linked to childhood neglect, trauma or abuse. Sometimes how you feel about yourself can result in a lack of confidence or low self esteem which can impact on your ability to feel at peace in the world and in relationship.
At times it’s natural to feel overwhelmed and stressed out by life. That can create deep sadness, despair or loss of hope resulting in depression. Feeling fearful and anxious about life and the future can feel too much to cope with and have a really profound affect on everyday life. Sometimes it is recent events that are causing you to feel that you are really struggling while at other times those difficulties are linked to childhood neglect, trauma or abuse. Sometimes how you feel about yourself can result in a lack of confidence or low self esteem which can impact on your ability to feel at peace in the world and in relationship.
0116 502 0538 View 0116 502 0538
Photo of Helen Bradley - Counselling With Helen, MBACP, Counsellor
Counselling With Helen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Being a later in life diagnosed Autistic/combined ADHD counsellor, I feel I can offer genuine empathy & understanding if you're overwhelmed, feel isolated or struggling with life - I've been there. Are you feeling misunderstood? Lost or stuck? Like you don't fit in & nobody really "gets you"? In burnout? Wondering whether you may be Autistic/ADHD? Or support someone who is? Feeling overwhelmed with the thoughts of the diagnosis process, or recently diagnosed & left thinking "now what?" I've felt them all too. But change is absolutely possible; I have experience of Autism & ADHD from both sides of the fence; professional & personal.
Being a later in life diagnosed Autistic/combined ADHD counsellor, I feel I can offer genuine empathy & understanding if you're overwhelmed, feel isolated or struggling with life - I've been there. Are you feeling misunderstood? Lost or stuck? Like you don't fit in & nobody really "gets you"? In burnout? Wondering whether you may be Autistic/ADHD? Or support someone who is? Feeling overwhelmed with the thoughts of the diagnosis process, or recently diagnosed & left thinking "now what?" I've felt them all too. But change is absolutely possible; I have experience of Autism & ADHD from both sides of the fence; professional & personal.
01270 447746 View 01270 447746
Photo of Rebecca Hobbis, MBACP, Counsellor
Rebecca Hobbis
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
Hi I'm Rebecca, I work with many different clients from greif and bereavement, Relationship issues, Stress, Anxiety to overcoming Childhood Trauma and PTSD. Many suffering with feelings of being overwhelmed, anxious and perhpas a loss of direction in their life. Feelings of being alone, unsure how to process their feelings and emotions to be able to achieve their goals. If you are open to change and to heal then lets chat and see how I can help you, and working together to acheive what you want out of therapy.
Hi I'm Rebecca, I work with many different clients from greif and bereavement, Relationship issues, Stress, Anxiety to overcoming Childhood Trauma and PTSD. Many suffering with feelings of being overwhelmed, anxious and perhpas a loss of direction in their life. Feelings of being alone, unsure how to process their feelings and emotions to be able to achieve their goals. If you are open to change and to heal then lets chat and see how I can help you, and working together to acheive what you want out of therapy.
01270 906194 View 01270 906194
Photo of Leih Steggall - Us Psychotherapy, MBACP, Counsellor
Us Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hello, I’m Leih. Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected from those around you? Perhaps you're struggling with depression, navigating the complexities of midlife, or dealing with the painful experience of family estrangement. You don’t have to face these challenges alone—I’m here to help .As a trauma-informed psychotherapist and clinical hypnotherapist, I specialize in helping individuals like you who are seeking understanding, healing, and a path forward. My approach is warm and non-judgmental, creating a space where you can feel safe to explore your emotions and experiences at your own
Hello, I’m Leih. Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected from those around you? Perhaps you're struggling with depression, navigating the complexities of midlife, or dealing with the painful experience of family estrangement. You don’t have to face these challenges alone—I’m here to help .As a trauma-informed psychotherapist and clinical hypnotherapist, I specialize in helping individuals like you who are seeking understanding, healing, and a path forward. My approach is warm and non-judgmental, creating a space where you can feel safe to explore your emotions and experiences at your own
01244 727036 View 01244 727036
Photo of Rose Arnold, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Rose Arnold
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
I understand how important it is to find a therapist you feel comfortable with, especially at a time when you may be feeling stuck or alone, dealing with a particular issue, or feeling more generally overwhelmed? I offer a warm, compassionate, confidential and non-judgemental approach; a place to offload, perhaps find simple coping strategies, fresh insight, and the greater sense of balance or peace of mind you may seek.
I understand how important it is to find a therapist you feel comfortable with, especially at a time when you may be feeling stuck or alone, dealing with a particular issue, or feeling more generally overwhelmed? I offer a warm, compassionate, confidential and non-judgemental approach; a place to offload, perhaps find simple coping strategies, fresh insight, and the greater sense of balance or peace of mind you may seek.
07984 290514 View 07984 290514
Photo of Alison Lee Soulsby, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Alison Lee Soulsby
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
You may have many friends and relations, but find it difficult to talk to them about your most private worries or concerns. If you are looking for someone whose sole relationship with you is to discuss issues causing you stress, or anxiety, or depression then counselling may help. I am a person-centred counsellor, which means I place an emphasis on helping you to build your resilience and confidence when issues arise in your to day to day life. As a counsellor I do not judge your thoughts, feelings or actions, but rather help you to understand these for yourself.
You may have many friends and relations, but find it difficult to talk to them about your most private worries or concerns. If you are looking for someone whose sole relationship with you is to discuss issues causing you stress, or anxiety, or depression then counselling may help. I am a person-centred counsellor, which means I place an emphasis on helping you to build your resilience and confidence when issues arise in your to day to day life. As a counsellor I do not judge your thoughts, feelings or actions, but rather help you to understand these for yourself.
01270 446537 View 01270 446537
1

See more therapy options for CW5

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in CW5

30+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in CW5 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
93% Stress
90% Self Esteem
80% Depression
77% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% Vitality
44% Aviva
44% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in CW5 see their clients

90% In Person and Online
10% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in CW5?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.