Counselling in Nottingham

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Photo of Kamar Johnson, BACP, Psychotherapist
Kamar Johnson
Psychotherapist, BACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG1  (Online Only)
As your therapist, my intention is to create a warm and welcoming environment, encouraging you to open up about any concerns regarding your mental health or personal life. To be effective in my practice, it is important that all my interactions with you are centred around empathy and compassion, while working with you to reconstruct harmful/faulty thinking patterns and behaviours. This balance between compassion and challenging unhealthy thoughts and behaviours will assist you in becoming your best self, as you navigate through this life's journey and any psychological difficulties you may face.
As your therapist, my intention is to create a warm and welcoming environment, encouraging you to open up about any concerns regarding your mental health or personal life. To be effective in my practice, it is important that all my interactions with you are centred around empathy and compassion, while working with you to reconstruct harmful/faulty thinking patterns and behaviours. This balance between compassion and challenging unhealthy thoughts and behaviours will assist you in becoming your best self, as you navigate through this life's journey and any psychological difficulties you may face.
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Photo of Ana Haynes - Anna Haynes Counselling and Coaching, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Anna Haynes Counselling and Coaching
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG2
I am trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities, including Gestalt, mindfulness and breath work. These approaches offer unique and powerful tools for exploring and processing emotions, gaining insight into patterns of behaviour and thought, and fostering personal growth and transformation. Whether you prefer talk therapy, creative expression, or a combination of approaches, I can work with you to find the modalities that best suit your needs and goals. It's important to note that everyone's experience with therapy and these modalities is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. ​
I am trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities, including Gestalt, mindfulness and breath work. These approaches offer unique and powerful tools for exploring and processing emotions, gaining insight into patterns of behaviour and thought, and fostering personal growth and transformation. Whether you prefer talk therapy, creative expression, or a combination of approaches, I can work with you to find the modalities that best suit your needs and goals. It's important to note that everyone's experience with therapy and these modalities is unique, and what works for one person may not work for another. ​
01777 809692 View 01777 809692
Photo of Dr Danila D'Errico, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Danila D'Errico
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nottingham NG9  (Online Only)
I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist currently working in the NHS in a Community Mental Health Team for Adults in Working Age. I love my job and I believe it is a privilege to be able to step into someone’s life and become, even for a short amount of time, part of their life story, their narrative. My aim is to ensure you feel heard, supported, and ultimately empowered. In the past, I have helped people to process past traumatic experiences that were having a major impact on their lives and to understand patterns of relating to self and others which might have left them feeling stuck, anxious, sad, guilty, and/or ashamed.
I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist currently working in the NHS in a Community Mental Health Team for Adults in Working Age. I love my job and I believe it is a privilege to be able to step into someone’s life and become, even for a short amount of time, part of their life story, their narrative. My aim is to ensure you feel heard, supported, and ultimately empowered. In the past, I have helped people to process past traumatic experiences that were having a major impact on their lives and to understand patterns of relating to self and others which might have left them feeling stuck, anxious, sad, guilty, and/or ashamed.
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Condition Management Company
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG5
We are a Nottingham & Derby based service with a team of qualified, registered, accredited, highly skilled expert therapists. We at the Condition Management Company can offer in-person, face to face therapy, or remotely where this is preferred. We have evening sessions available. We specialise in tailored therapeutic support for neurodivergent clients, young people and a range of adult difficulties such as PTSD, depression or anxiety. We offer a free telephone consultation to help you find the best match within the team.
We are a Nottingham & Derby based service with a team of qualified, registered, accredited, highly skilled expert therapists. We at the Condition Management Company can offer in-person, face to face therapy, or remotely where this is preferred. We have evening sessions available. We specialise in tailored therapeutic support for neurodivergent clients, young people and a range of adult difficulties such as PTSD, depression or anxiety. We offer a free telephone consultation to help you find the best match within the team.
0115 647 4841 View 0115 647 4841
Photo of Daisy Godfrey, MBACP, Counsellor
Daisy Godfrey
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG5
Thanks for considering me on your journey. I’m a Humanistic and Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist, practicing in Nottingham and online. My approach is compassionate, caring, and empathic - I am passionate about supporting individuals to recognise their potential and fulfil their goals, both personally and professionally. It is my belief that with the right relational conditions, every person can make the positive changes they would like to see in their lives. Through my experience, I have seen the healing nature of the therapeutic relationship often acting as a powerful vehicle for personal growth.
Thanks for considering me on your journey. I’m a Humanistic and Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist, practicing in Nottingham and online. My approach is compassionate, caring, and empathic - I am passionate about supporting individuals to recognise their potential and fulfil their goals, both personally and professionally. It is my belief that with the right relational conditions, every person can make the positive changes they would like to see in their lives. Through my experience, I have seen the healing nature of the therapeutic relationship often acting as a powerful vehicle for personal growth.
0115 647 6940 View 0115 647 6940
Photo of Simon Wainwright, MBACP, Counsellor
Simon Wainwright
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG5
Hi I'm Simon, I am here to listen, reflect, discuss and support you with whatever difficulties you may want to bring to therapy. I work with you as an individual to find the best way forward for you, therapy can provide time and space to express things that you need to express, to gain a different perspective on things, to help make sense of past events and try and to move towards a more positive future.
Hi I'm Simon, I am here to listen, reflect, discuss and support you with whatever difficulties you may want to bring to therapy. I work with you as an individual to find the best way forward for you, therapy can provide time and space to express things that you need to express, to gain a different perspective on things, to help make sense of past events and try and to move towards a more positive future.
0115 647 3628 View 0115 647 3628
Photo of Zahra Hunton - Zahra Hunton- Wellness CBT , Psychotherapist
Zahra Hunton- Wellness CBT
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG1
My name is Zahra, I use a variety of skills and tailor therapy exclusively for you to help you work through your difficulties and move forwards . Using CBT we can explore deep rooted feelings, how they affect your life and how to make a change. We can build on resilience and provide you with a toolbox of strategies and techniques to handle whatever life throws at you and make lasting improvements. You can begin to break the cycle of repetitive, challenging and destructive behaviours and feelings. You will gain insight into your intrusive thoughts and negative thinking and how to challenge them and revolutionise your thinking.
My name is Zahra, I use a variety of skills and tailor therapy exclusively for you to help you work through your difficulties and move forwards . Using CBT we can explore deep rooted feelings, how they affect your life and how to make a change. We can build on resilience and provide you with a toolbox of strategies and techniques to handle whatever life throws at you and make lasting improvements. You can begin to break the cycle of repetitive, challenging and destructive behaviours and feelings. You will gain insight into your intrusive thoughts and negative thinking and how to challenge them and revolutionise your thinking.
01777 808791 View 01777 808791
Photo of Ayokunle Abbis, MBBS
Ayokunle Abbis
MBBS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nottingham NG5  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome to my profile. As an experienced Senior Psychological Wellbeing Practitioner, I am able to support you with any issues such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), health anxiety, binge eating, depression, anger, stress, long-term physical health conditions and their impact on mental wellbeing, low self-esteem etc using low intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and other therapeutic approaches where required.
Hello and welcome to my profile. As an experienced Senior Psychological Wellbeing Practitioner, I am able to support you with any issues such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), health anxiety, binge eating, depression, anger, stress, long-term physical health conditions and their impact on mental wellbeing, low self-esteem etc using low intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and other therapeutic approaches where required.
0115 647 1631 View 0115 647 1631
Photo of Hannah Thomas - Compassionate Counselling, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Compassionate Counselling
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG3
We all get periods when we feel low, anxious, stressed, stuck or confused and need extra support. Friends and family are great at these times. However, sometimes the additional help of someone with psychological training and experience is invaluable in order to help you to look at things from a different perspective. I have 16 years experience counselling adults in private practice & NHS settings. My approach is integrative. This means that I am trained and experienced in using a range of psychotherapy theories and methods. So, just as you are unique, my approach will be uniquely tailored to suit your individual needs.
We all get periods when we feel low, anxious, stressed, stuck or confused and need extra support. Friends and family are great at these times. However, sometimes the additional help of someone with psychological training and experience is invaluable in order to help you to look at things from a different perspective. I have 16 years experience counselling adults in private practice & NHS settings. My approach is integrative. This means that I am trained and experienced in using a range of psychotherapy theories and methods. So, just as you are unique, my approach will be uniquely tailored to suit your individual needs.
0115 697 1506 View 0115 697 1506
Photo of Andrew Howes, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Andrew Howes
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG5
I have over 15 years experience working with organisations such as Mind and Priory amongst others and have extensive experience of dealing with anxiety, depression, low self esteem, trauma, phobias, PTSD in both long or short term therapy. Whatever your reason for finding yourself here, know that you’ve already taken a big step, and should you wish, I can help you take many more.
I have over 15 years experience working with organisations such as Mind and Priory amongst others and have extensive experience of dealing with anxiety, depression, low self esteem, trauma, phobias, PTSD in both long or short term therapy. Whatever your reason for finding yourself here, know that you’ve already taken a big step, and should you wish, I can help you take many more.
028 9694 3342 View 028 9694 3342
Photo of Fay Bricknell, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Fay Bricknell
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nottingham NG4  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Fay. I am passionate about helping others overcome their mental health difficulties with over 10 years experience working within a mental health setting. If you're struggling with low mood, anxiety or any other mental health related problem, it's highly likely that changing the way you think can help change how you feel and behave. I have accredited with the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) that regulates Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (to ensure we deliver safe practice) which is the most evidence-based approach you can receive.
Hi, I'm Fay. I am passionate about helping others overcome their mental health difficulties with over 10 years experience working within a mental health setting. If you're struggling with low mood, anxiety or any other mental health related problem, it's highly likely that changing the way you think can help change how you feel and behave. I have accredited with the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) that regulates Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (to ensure we deliver safe practice) which is the most evidence-based approach you can receive.
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Photo of Polly Dexter, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Polly Dexter
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG13
Hello, I’m a fully qualified Psychotherapist working with adults and young people to help improve well-being and quality of life. I offer short or longer term therapy depending on your needs and wants. If you are feeling low in mood, anxious, overwhelmed or stuck in some way, psychotherapy can help. I firmly believe that we each have the potential to change, grow and heal when we are offered the right support. I have worked with a broad range of people on the issues that are important to them. Themes have included anxiety, depression, complex trauma, loss, neurodiversity, relationship difficulties, addiction, among many others.
Hello, I’m a fully qualified Psychotherapist working with adults and young people to help improve well-being and quality of life. I offer short or longer term therapy depending on your needs and wants. If you are feeling low in mood, anxious, overwhelmed or stuck in some way, psychotherapy can help. I firmly believe that we each have the potential to change, grow and heal when we are offered the right support. I have worked with a broad range of people on the issues that are important to them. Themes have included anxiety, depression, complex trauma, loss, neurodiversity, relationship difficulties, addiction, among many others.
0115 647 8191 View 0115 647 8191
Photo of Nicci Speirs, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Nicci Speirs
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG3
Waitlist for new clients
I am a qualified Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist and EMDR Therapist and I am a registered member of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies. I work with those affected by anxiety disorders and depression. I can offer a safe and confidential space to work through your difficulties, using goals that are meaningful for you which we can work together to achieve.
I am a qualified Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist and EMDR Therapist and I am a registered member of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies. I work with those affected by anxiety disorders and depression. I can offer a safe and confidential space to work through your difficulties, using goals that are meaningful for you which we can work together to achieve.
0115 824 4946 View 0115 824 4946
Photo of Dr Lauren Blackwell, MSc, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Lauren Blackwell
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG11  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Lauren, a Clinical Psychologist with 9 years of experience working in mental health services. I am particularly interested in working with adults who are struggling to make sense of the traumatic events that they have lived through, working with people with persistent, chronic pain and women and their families who are in the perinatal period.
Hello! I'm Lauren, a Clinical Psychologist with 9 years of experience working in mental health services. I am particularly interested in working with adults who are struggling to make sense of the traumatic events that they have lived through, working with people with persistent, chronic pain and women and their families who are in the perinatal period.
0115 697 1380 View 0115 697 1380
Photo of Rita Lacerda - S.W.A.N. - Rita Lacerda, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
S.W.A.N. - Rita Lacerda
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nottingham NG5
I offer specialised autism and/or ADHD assessments for mums and parents, with the option of therapeutic support including EMDR. As an NHS neurodivergence diagnostician, I hear how hard it is for people to get professionals to understand their concerns. It's even harder for mums because we don't fit the medical profile, so keep being dismissed or given the wrong labels. My own AuDHD process was long and confusing, leading to unnecessary anxiety. Getting clarity is an empowering step towards fighting overwhelm and finding a community that can be healing for ourselves and our families. We're not ugly ducks, we're swans!
I offer specialised autism and/or ADHD assessments for mums and parents, with the option of therapeutic support including EMDR. As an NHS neurodivergence diagnostician, I hear how hard it is for people to get professionals to understand their concerns. It's even harder for mums because we don't fit the medical profile, so keep being dismissed or given the wrong labels. My own AuDHD process was long and confusing, leading to unnecessary anxiety. Getting clarity is an empowering step towards fighting overwhelm and finding a community that can be healing for ourselves and our families. We're not ugly ducks, we're swans!
0115 647 1551 View 0115 647 1551
Photo of Clare Holmes, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Clare Holmes
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG2
I'm a fully accredited CBT therapist working with adults and children. If you are struggling with anxiety, OCD, a phobia, trauma memories, low mood or other mood disturbances and it is getting in the way of living your life as you want to then CBT can help. I'm a CBT therapist and Mental Health Nurse with 20 years experience in the NHS. I work with people using CBT to help identify problems and find solutions to those problems. CBT is an active therapy, where we will work together, at your pace, to make changes in thinking processes and behavioural responses to situations and your thoughts.
I'm a fully accredited CBT therapist working with adults and children. If you are struggling with anxiety, OCD, a phobia, trauma memories, low mood or other mood disturbances and it is getting in the way of living your life as you want to then CBT can help. I'm a CBT therapist and Mental Health Nurse with 20 years experience in the NHS. I work with people using CBT to help identify problems and find solutions to those problems. CBT is an active therapy, where we will work together, at your pace, to make changes in thinking processes and behavioural responses to situations and your thoughts.
0115 824 4605 View 0115 824 4605
Photo of Dr Emma Medard, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Emma Medard
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG2
It can be hard to know where to go or who to see for help, with so many different professionals and types of therapy available. I know it can be daunting especially if you or a loved one are distressed. I am an experienced, trusted Senior Clinical Psychologist who has worked for the NHS since 2004 and I can help you work through it. I have many years experience in helping people gain an understanding of their difficulties and the evidenced-based approaches that can work for their individual needs. I can offer specialist assessment and treatment to suit your individual needs in a compassionate and non-judgemental environment.
It can be hard to know where to go or who to see for help, with so many different professionals and types of therapy available. I know it can be daunting especially if you or a loved one are distressed. I am an experienced, trusted Senior Clinical Psychologist who has worked for the NHS since 2004 and I can help you work through it. I have many years experience in helping people gain an understanding of their difficulties and the evidenced-based approaches that can work for their individual needs. I can offer specialist assessment and treatment to suit your individual needs in a compassionate and non-judgemental environment.
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Photo of Heather Petcher, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Heather Petcher
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG15  (Online Only)
At the heart of my practice is the emphasis on building a warm, safe and empathic therapeutic relationship based on acceptance and trust within a non judgemental and nurturing environment. I offer a safe space for you to explore your emotions to what is happening, or what has happened in your life and how this is affecting you in the present. I believe you are the expert of you and have all the capabilities to find your own way through your problems with my support, to build confidence within and facilitate personal growth.
At the heart of my practice is the emphasis on building a warm, safe and empathic therapeutic relationship based on acceptance and trust within a non judgemental and nurturing environment. I offer a safe space for you to explore your emotions to what is happening, or what has happened in your life and how this is affecting you in the present. I believe you are the expert of you and have all the capabilities to find your own way through your problems with my support, to build confidence within and facilitate personal growth.
0115 647 7173 View 0115 647 7173
Photo of Elizabeth (Liz) de Rooy, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Elizabeth (Liz) de Rooy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG9
Hello, Life can be tough and overwhelming at times, cant it? Especially now when this virus has bought so much change and challenges into our lives. Do you need someone you can talk to who will really listen and can help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings and the challenging issues in your life without fear of being judged? With a friendly and warm approach I am there to use my training and experience to support you.
Hello, Life can be tough and overwhelming at times, cant it? Especially now when this virus has bought so much change and challenges into our lives. Do you need someone you can talk to who will really listen and can help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings and the challenging issues in your life without fear of being judged? With a friendly and warm approach I am there to use my training and experience to support you.
0115 697 1188 View 0115 697 1188
Photo of Lorna Eatherington - Lorna Eatherington Counselling and Psychotherapy, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Lorna Eatherington Counselling and Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Nottingham NG5
Hi, I'm Lorna and thank you for reading my profile. Counselling can be helpful for so many reasons. We all have a lot to deal with, from relationships, family issues and stress - to worries about life in general. Perhaps you have low Self-esteem or feel anxious. Maybe you're struggling in your relationships with others.
Hi, I'm Lorna and thank you for reading my profile. Counselling can be helpful for so many reasons. We all have a lot to deal with, from relationships, family issues and stress - to worries about life in general. Perhaps you have low Self-esteem or feel anxious. Maybe you're struggling in your relationships with others.
0115 697 1303 View 0115 697 1303
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See more therapy options for Nottingham

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Nottingham

300+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Nottingham who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
92% Depression
83% Self Esteem
80% Stress
77% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
66% Bereavement

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% AXA PPP
55% Aviva
48% Bupa

How Counsellors in Nottingham see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Nottingham?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.