Photo of Andie Mckillop - Andie Mckillop with Lotus Counselling, RTC, Counsellor
Andie Mckillop with Lotus Counselling
Counsellor, RTC
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Hi, My name is Andie Mckillop and I am a Registered Therapeutic Counsellor. I have worked in the Human Services and Crisis Intervention field for the last 16 years, providing support to children, teens and adults to address mental health, addictions and domestic abuse concerns. Reaching out for support during difficult times can create feelings of uncertainty or fear. At Lotus Counselling, I strive to provide a warm, accepting and non - judgemental environment while meeting the very unique challenges faced by each individual.
Hi, My name is Andie Mckillop and I am a Registered Therapeutic Counsellor. I have worked in the Human Services and Crisis Intervention field for the last 16 years, providing support to children, teens and adults to address mental health, addictions and domestic abuse concerns. Reaching out for support during difficult times can create feelings of uncertainty or fear. At Lotus Counselling, I strive to provide a warm, accepting and non - judgemental environment while meeting the very unique challenges faced by each individual.
(289) 273-6872 View (289) 273-6872
Photo of Teena Robinson, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Teena Robinson
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
If you struggle with anxiety, emotional dysregulation, self-esteem, unhelpful thinking, setting boundaries and are looking for meaning in life I can help. I have been a registered social worker since 2005 and have been counselling folks with moderate to severe mental health as well as substance use since 2017. I work with people where they are at and help to cope with both what is happening in their life now and look at how their history may still have an impact on how they function today. I work with adults and youth both on line and in person.
If you struggle with anxiety, emotional dysregulation, self-esteem, unhelpful thinking, setting boundaries and are looking for meaning in life I can help. I have been a registered social worker since 2005 and have been counselling folks with moderate to severe mental health as well as substance use since 2017. I work with people where they are at and help to cope with both what is happening in their life now and look at how their history may still have an impact on how they function today. I work with adults and youth both on line and in person.
(867) 670-4940 View (867) 670-4940
Photo of Kimberly Pitino, RSW, BSW, MSW, Registered Social Worker
Kimberly Pitino
Registered Social Worker, RSW, BSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
My name is Kimberly Pitino and I am a Registered Social Worker in Vernon, British Columbia in good standing and have been in the field of social work for 17 years. I completed my Masters of Social Work degree in December 2022. My experience and passion lead me to many years in health care. I am grateful to have been afforded the opportunity to support and walk alongside a number of individuals during particularly difficult times in their lives. I recognize and value working with individuals, using their own strengths and knowledge to first assist them in recognizing their own abilities and then work towards goals together.
My name is Kimberly Pitino and I am a Registered Social Worker in Vernon, British Columbia in good standing and have been in the field of social work for 17 years. I completed my Masters of Social Work degree in December 2022. My experience and passion lead me to many years in health care. I am grateful to have been afforded the opportunity to support and walk alongside a number of individuals during particularly difficult times in their lives. I recognize and value working with individuals, using their own strengths and knowledge to first assist them in recognizing their own abilities and then work towards goals together.
(587) 800-0242 View (587) 800-0242
Photo of Dean Cebuliak, RPC, Counsellor
Dean Cebuliak
Counsellor, RPC
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Tired of feeling Stuck, Alone, or Hopeless in your relationships? Having the same old arguments, living separate lives together, or constantly failing in relationships? Specialized Relationship Counselling will teach you how to stop the pain. Learn instead to break frustrating barriers and painful relationship dynamics so you experience Joy and Connection instead. Learn skills necessary to grow closer over time, not drift further apart. Feel loved and appreciated, connected and supported, valued and respected, heard and understood. Feel confident that you can get through anything together because you have a strong foundation.
Tired of feeling Stuck, Alone, or Hopeless in your relationships? Having the same old arguments, living separate lives together, or constantly failing in relationships? Specialized Relationship Counselling will teach you how to stop the pain. Learn instead to break frustrating barriers and painful relationship dynamics so you experience Joy and Connection instead. Learn skills necessary to grow closer over time, not drift further apart. Feel loved and appreciated, connected and supported, valued and respected, heard and understood. Feel confident that you can get through anything together because you have a strong foundation.
(250) 260-7892 View (250) 260-7892
Photo of Dixon Zalit, BA, RTC, Counsellor
Dixon Zalit
Counsellor, BA, RTC
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Are you a man whose wife has asked you to go for counselling? She wants you to work on some issues, anger management, root causes, or something like that? Maybe you have noticed your relationship with her is at the critical point where, if something doesn’t change soon, breakdown is coming. I’m experienced in helping men in this situation There is hope. In counselling, we take time to see how the negative communication cycle works and take steps to break out of it. You can change old patterns and even understand yourself better. You can even start to understand her better and rebuild the close connection you are both hoping for.
Are you a man whose wife has asked you to go for counselling? She wants you to work on some issues, anger management, root causes, or something like that? Maybe you have noticed your relationship with her is at the critical point where, if something doesn’t change soon, breakdown is coming. I’m experienced in helping men in this situation There is hope. In counselling, we take time to see how the negative communication cycle works and take steps to break out of it. You can change old patterns and even understand yourself better. You can even start to understand her better and rebuild the close connection you are both hoping for.
(236) 600-9923 View (236) 600-9923
Photo of Brent Enridge - Brent Enridge, Valhalla Counselling Services, BSW, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Brent Enridge, Valhalla Counselling Services
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
I am a Registered Social Worker with a Master of Clinical Social Work degree from UBC. After graduating with Honours from the UBCO Bachelor of Social Work program, I worked in the field of social work and counselling for over 23 years in BC and Nunavut. I've always had a natural interest in people's stories and understanding humanity. I have formal training in Mindfulness & Meditation, Motivation Interviewing, Trauma Informed Practice, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Narrative Therapy, EMDR, and Research & Evidence Based Practice.
I am a Registered Social Worker with a Master of Clinical Social Work degree from UBC. After graduating with Honours from the UBCO Bachelor of Social Work program, I worked in the field of social work and counselling for over 23 years in BC and Nunavut. I've always had a natural interest in people's stories and understanding humanity. I have formal training in Mindfulness & Meditation, Motivation Interviewing, Trauma Informed Practice, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Narrative Therapy, EMDR, and Research & Evidence Based Practice.
(548) 490-0338 View (548) 490-0338
Photo of Niki Connor, MACP, RCC, RPC, BA Psyc, Counsellor
Niki Connor
Counsellor, MACP, RCC, RPC, BA Psyc
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Niki, very nice to meet you. Chances are you are noticing that some things in your life just aren't working anymore. There are some life events that impact our emotional well-being. Sometimes they are easier to overcome than others. Those that are not easily managed can lead to prolonged mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and others. In therapy, I can help you to work through the process of healing. I have a genuine and compassionate approach that I bring to each session. I hope to help you find emotional health.
Hello, I'm Niki, very nice to meet you. Chances are you are noticing that some things in your life just aren't working anymore. There are some life events that impact our emotional well-being. Sometimes they are easier to overcome than others. Those that are not easily managed can lead to prolonged mental health concerns such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and others. In therapy, I can help you to work through the process of healing. I have a genuine and compassionate approach that I bring to each session. I hope to help you find emotional health.
(604) 260-0535 View (604) 260-0535
Photo of Kelli Hanson - Kelli Hanson Counselling & Hypnotherapy, BA,  BEd, MACP, RCC, CHyp, Counsellor
Kelli Hanson Counselling & Hypnotherapy
Counsellor, BA, BEd, MACP, RCC, CHyp
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Does it feel like it takes too much energy to just get out of bed? Do you want to feel you have more control of your life? For the past 15 years I have supported Indigenous and non-Indigenous children, youth and adults with issues related to anxiety, depression, substance use, grief and loss, sexuality, social struggles, and trauma related to residential schools. I am passionate about helping you overcome obstacles to the success in life that you want and deserve. I believe that healing is a holistic journey that takes all aspects of your life into account, and doesn't focus on only one part or symptom.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Does it feel like it takes too much energy to just get out of bed? Do you want to feel you have more control of your life? For the past 15 years I have supported Indigenous and non-Indigenous children, youth and adults with issues related to anxiety, depression, substance use, grief and loss, sexuality, social struggles, and trauma related to residential schools. I am passionate about helping you overcome obstacles to the success in life that you want and deserve. I believe that healing is a holistic journey that takes all aspects of your life into account, and doesn't focus on only one part or symptom.
(705) 996-6056 View (705) 996-6056
Photo of Bronwyn von Niessen - Inner Balance; Bronwyn von Niessen, RCC, CCC, CHT, Counsellor
Inner Balance; Bronwyn von Niessen
Counsellor, RCC, CCC, CHT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
Hi! My name is Bronwyn. I'm a psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, and energy healer. I am trained and certified in a range of therapies from science-backed neurotherapies to traditional energetic and metaphysical healing practices. In-office, and virtual options available. Home visits may also be approved.
Hi! My name is Bronwyn. I'm a psychotherapist, hypnotherapist, and energy healer. I am trained and certified in a range of therapies from science-backed neurotherapies to traditional energetic and metaphysical healing practices. In-office, and virtual options available. Home visits may also be approved.
(506) 804-9607 View (506) 804-9607
Photo of Jessa Joles, RTC, CPC, BAPSYC, Counsellor
Jessa Joles
Counsellor, RTC, CPC, BAPSYC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
Jessa’s passion and experience has grown while working with youth as a School-Based Outreach Counsellor and with the LGBTQ2+ community. She will hold safe space for her clients to ensure they become the best version of themselves, through a variety of integrative methods. Clients appreciate Jessa's calm, upbeat approach leaving them feeling hopeful and motivated. She is on a mission to empower young people through individual counselling as well as holding small groups for youth and young adults. Whatever you are battling right now, you do not have to do it alone. I’m here to help.
Jessa’s passion and experience has grown while working with youth as a School-Based Outreach Counsellor and with the LGBTQ2+ community. She will hold safe space for her clients to ensure they become the best version of themselves, through a variety of integrative methods. Clients appreciate Jessa's calm, upbeat approach leaving them feeling hopeful and motivated. She is on a mission to empower young people through individual counselling as well as holding small groups for youth and young adults. Whatever you are battling right now, you do not have to do it alone. I’m here to help.
(778) 860-4464 View (778) 860-4464
Photo of Lisa Horton At Rainbow Of Hope Counselling, MEd, RCC, Counsellor
Lisa Horton At Rainbow Of Hope Counselling
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Challenges and unexpected events can overwhelm our sense and emotions. I strive to work with children, youth and families in an empathetic and client centered approach to help individuals and groups find hope and joy for the future. Children and youth who have experienced trauma may find it difficult to participate in traditional talk therapies. Rainbow of Hope uses a play therapeutic approach so clients can tell their stories and process their complex emotions. By learning how to tell their story they learn coping strategies that enables each client to see hope within their future.
Challenges and unexpected events can overwhelm our sense and emotions. I strive to work with children, youth and families in an empathetic and client centered approach to help individuals and groups find hope and joy for the future. Children and youth who have experienced trauma may find it difficult to participate in traditional talk therapies. Rainbow of Hope uses a play therapeutic approach so clients can tell their stories and process their complex emotions. By learning how to tell their story they learn coping strategies that enables each client to see hope within their future.
(587) 851-5974 View (587) 851-5974
Photo of Marie Habke, PhD, RPsych, Psychologist
Marie Habke
Psychologist, PhD, RPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
As a practitioner for 26 years, I have come to appreciate that people and life are both wonderful and complicated. As such, my approach to therapy is to bring as much creativity as possible, in order to address individual needs and styles - I work with each person differently. For some, I use a CBT approach or give homework or teach skills. For others, I look more for insights into emotions or patterns.
As a practitioner for 26 years, I have come to appreciate that people and life are both wonderful and complicated. As such, my approach to therapy is to bring as much creativity as possible, in order to address individual needs and styles - I work with each person differently. For some, I use a CBT approach or give homework or teach skills. For others, I look more for insights into emotions or patterns.
(855) 556-6353 View (855) 556-6353
Photo of Rebecca Olds, MACP, RCC, BA, Counsellor
Rebecca Olds
Counsellor, MACP, RCC, BA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
Waitlist for new clients
Children are one third of our population and all of our future. I specialize in children, teens and families. I believe that parents do the best they can with the tools they have been given - tools that can be learned and expanded through counselling. I graduated with my Masters Degree in Counselling Psychology from Adler University, and am a Registered Clinical Counsellor with the British Columbia Association of Clinical Counsellors I work primarily with individual children (6-12), individual teens (ages 13+) and parents.
Children are one third of our population and all of our future. I specialize in children, teens and families. I believe that parents do the best they can with the tools they have been given - tools that can be learned and expanded through counselling. I graduated with my Masters Degree in Counselling Psychology from Adler University, and am a Registered Clinical Counsellor with the British Columbia Association of Clinical Counsellors I work primarily with individual children (6-12), individual teens (ages 13+) and parents.
(778) 400-2097 View (778) 400-2097
Photo of Kimberly Embleton, RSW, MSW, Registered Social Worker
Kimberly Embleton
Registered Social Worker, RSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
I am committed to helping children & youth navigate their emotional landscapes and discover their inner strengths. I believe in the power of relationships and the importance of involving families in the therapeutic process. Whether your child/youth is dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, behavioural challenges, or social difficulties, I am here to provide the guidance and support they need to thrive.
I am committed to helping children & youth navigate their emotional landscapes and discover their inner strengths. I believe in the power of relationships and the importance of involving families in the therapeutic process. Whether your child/youth is dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma, behavioural challenges, or social difficulties, I am here to provide the guidance and support they need to thrive.
(778) 717-3320 View (778) 717-3320
Photo of Dr. Tina Rochford, BScN, MEd, PhD, CCC7804, Counsellor
Dr. Tina Rochford
Counsellor, BScN, MEd, PhD, CCC7804
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
With a deep commitment to helping individuals heal and thrive, I bring a wealth of experience and compassion to my practice. As an experienced trauma-focused clinician, I integrate a range of evidence-based approaches, including EMDR, CBT, Narrative Therapy, HeartMath, and self-regulation training. A particular area of expertise is working with couples.
With a deep commitment to helping individuals heal and thrive, I bring a wealth of experience and compassion to my practice. As an experienced trauma-focused clinician, I integrate a range of evidence-based approaches, including EMDR, CBT, Narrative Therapy, HeartMath, and self-regulation training. A particular area of expertise is working with couples.
(431) 430-1354 View (431) 430-1354
Photo of Ann Case - Balanced Life Counselling, BA, BSW, RSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ann Case - Balanced Life Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BA, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
My clients come to me because they feel emotionally overwhelmed too much of the time. Their usual and comfortable coping strategies no longer work. Some clients describe being unable to do the simplest of tasks without feeling triggered and either tuning out or completely over reacting. My clients leave therapy feeling a more generalized state of calm with a flexible range of heathy coping strategies.
My clients come to me because they feel emotionally overwhelmed too much of the time. Their usual and comfortable coping strategies no longer work. Some clients describe being unable to do the simplest of tasks without feeling triggered and either tuning out or completely over reacting. My clients leave therapy feeling a more generalized state of calm with a flexible range of heathy coping strategies.
(866) 767-1551 View (866) 767-1551
Photo of Stacey C Boe, MA, RCC, Counsellor
Stacey C Boe
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, I’m Stacey, and I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC) and hold a Master of Art's in Counselling Psychology degree. With 15years of experience in mental health, I combine and integrate various mind-body modalities in order to tailor sessions to your individual needs. My approach is client centred and trauma-informed, with a particular emphasis on Narrative Therapy, Emotion-Focused Family Therapy (EFFT), Mindfulness, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Hi, I’m Stacey, and I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC) and hold a Master of Art's in Counselling Psychology degree. With 15years of experience in mental health, I combine and integrate various mind-body modalities in order to tailor sessions to your individual needs. My approach is client centred and trauma-informed, with a particular emphasis on Narrative Therapy, Emotion-Focused Family Therapy (EFFT), Mindfulness, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
(855) 982-1267 View (855) 982-1267
Photo of Nicole Ripley - OK Clinical Therapy Group - Vernon, RCC, RSW, CCC, Counsellor
OK Clinical Therapy Group - Vernon
Counsellor, RCC, RSW, CCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vernon, BC V1T
Welcome to our group practice, where compassionate master’s level counsellors are committed to supporting our community. We specialize in addressing a variety of issues, including trauma, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, addiction, and couples therapy. We recognize that finding the right counsellor can be a challenge, so our priority is to match each client with a professional who truly understands their unique needs and concerns. Our practice offers a diverse range of therapeutic approaches, tailored to support both individuals and families on their journey toward healing and growth.
Welcome to our group practice, where compassionate master’s level counsellors are committed to supporting our community. We specialize in addressing a variety of issues, including trauma, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, addiction, and couples therapy. We recognize that finding the right counsellor can be a challenge, so our priority is to match each client with a professional who truly understands their unique needs and concerns. Our practice offers a diverse range of therapeutic approaches, tailored to support both individuals and families on their journey toward healing and growth.
(825) 905-5571 View (825) 905-5571
Photo of Sara Frankenberger, MA, MEd, RCC, CCC, Counsellor
Sara Frankenberger
Counsellor, MA, MEd, RCC, CCC
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
I support clients from diverse backgrounds with a range of experiences and difficulties. Many of my clients experience symptoms related to ADHD, anxiety, depression, OCD, disordered eating, ASD, and relationship difficulties. My clients come from a variety of cultural backgrounds, diverse sexual and gender identities and many identify as neuro-diverse. Counselling is an excellent way to develop effective coping tools to manage challenges, understand ourselves and cope with different symptoms better, improve relationships, communication and boundaries, and ultimately work towards making positive changes in our lives.
I support clients from diverse backgrounds with a range of experiences and difficulties. Many of my clients experience symptoms related to ADHD, anxiety, depression, OCD, disordered eating, ASD, and relationship difficulties. My clients come from a variety of cultural backgrounds, diverse sexual and gender identities and many identify as neuro-diverse. Counselling is an excellent way to develop effective coping tools to manage challenges, understand ourselves and cope with different symptoms better, improve relationships, communication and boundaries, and ultimately work towards making positive changes in our lives.
(581) 203-4979 View (581) 203-4979
Photo of Kessa Schroeder, CCPCP, Counsellor
Kessa Schroeder
Counsellor, CCPCP
Verified Verified
Vernon, BC V1T
Kessa offers a warm welcome and comfortable environment where you can let go, be yourself and explore what self is. Deep dive into the layers of life and express your authenticity.
Kessa offers a warm welcome and comfortable environment where you can let go, be yourself and explore what self is. Deep dive into the layers of life and express your authenticity.
(506) 315-2012 View (506) 315-2012
1

See more therapy options for V1T

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in V1T

100+

Average cost per session

$140

Counsellors in V1T who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
84% Depression
80% Self Esteem
74% Stress
69% Relationship Issues
69% Grief
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

49% Green Shield Canada
48% Pacific Blue Cross
45% Other

How Counsellors in V1T see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in V1T?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.