Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Therapists in Kitchener, ON

Photo of Mary Soppitt - Mary Bethan Counselling, MA, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Mary Bethan Counselling
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2K  (Online Only)
If you are navigating a traumatic brain injury, anxiety, stress, difficulty regulating emotions, trauma, or grief send me a message to help determine if I would be a good fit for the type of counselling support you're needing.
Welcome to this space! Whatever brought you here, I want you to know you are welcome and supported. I can understand it can be vulnerable to reach out for support and I want to honor your bravery in taking this first step. I view the therapeutic journey, as a client welcoming me to walk alongside them as they walk on the pathway of their life, and I don’t take this invitation lightly. I hold a strong belief in the expertise of clients when it comes to their own lives, and as a therapist, my role is to support and guide you in exploring, uncovering, and processing what's happening for you, in your internal world.
If you are navigating a traumatic brain injury, anxiety, stress, difficulty regulating emotions, trauma, or grief send me a message to help determine if I would be a good fit for the type of counselling support you're needing.
Welcome to this space! Whatever brought you here, I want you to know you are welcome and supported. I can understand it can be vulnerable to reach out for support and I want to honor your bravery in taking this first step. I view the therapeutic journey, as a client welcoming me to walk alongside them as they walk on the pathway of their life, and I don’t take this invitation lightly. I hold a strong belief in the expertise of clients when it comes to their own lives, and as a therapist, my role is to support and guide you in exploring, uncovering, and processing what's happening for you, in your internal world.
(226) 457-0732 View (226) 457-0732
Photo of Kayla Holliday, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Kayla Holliday
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
I became a Social Worker because of this intrinsic desire to walk alongside people through their pain and into their growth. As I’ve continued my own growth, both personally and professionally, I have developed a deep passion for working with folks across the lifespan, from ages 8 to 90, as they work towards healing and peace. I have worked with folks with various neurotypes, substance use and addiction, those experiencing housing insecurity and poverty, intimate partner violence/domestic violence, trauma and attachment challenges, self-esteem, emotion regulation, self-harm, suicidal ideation/suicidality, Dementia, and TBI/ABIs.
I became a Social Worker because of this intrinsic desire to walk alongside people through their pain and into their growth. As I’ve continued my own growth, both personally and professionally, I have developed a deep passion for working with folks across the lifespan, from ages 8 to 90, as they work towards healing and peace. I have worked with folks with various neurotypes, substance use and addiction, those experiencing housing insecurity and poverty, intimate partner violence/domestic violence, trauma and attachment challenges, self-esteem, emotion regulation, self-harm, suicidal ideation/suicidality, Dementia, and TBI/ABIs.
(548) 483-6734 View (548) 483-6734
Photo of Frank Kakarelis, MACP, RP, RKine, Registered Psychotherapist
Frank Kakarelis
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP, RKine
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2R
Trauma, much like a splinter, embeds itself into a person and affects all aspects of life. My primary objective is to create a safe and compassionate therapeutic alliance which facilitates healing and growth. With Trauma, I truly believe that the body holds a great deal of the emotional weight, without us knowing. I witnessed severe difficulties in my community, and as an adult I have grieved many friends who kept their suffering a secret, often until it was too late. I truly believe that every individual innately harbors the right set of tools to achieve their personal goals and find their way to a meaningful, fulfilling life.
Trauma, much like a splinter, embeds itself into a person and affects all aspects of life. My primary objective is to create a safe and compassionate therapeutic alliance which facilitates healing and growth. With Trauma, I truly believe that the body holds a great deal of the emotional weight, without us knowing. I witnessed severe difficulties in my community, and as an adult I have grieved many friends who kept their suffering a secret, often until it was too late. I truly believe that every individual innately harbors the right set of tools to achieve their personal goals and find their way to a meaningful, fulfilling life.
(548) 483-6726 View (548) 483-6726
Photo of Anthony W K Lavender, RP(Q), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Anthony W K Lavender
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP(Q)
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2G
As a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) I have education and experience which allows me to work with folks struggling with many different situations; as a person who has survived a life-and-death health crisis, I have lived knowledge of the way hardship and suffering can shape our lives. Life is hard and there is no secret weapon, no magic bullet.
As a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) I have education and experience which allows me to work with folks struggling with many different situations; as a person who has survived a life-and-death health crisis, I have lived knowledge of the way hardship and suffering can shape our lives. Life is hard and there is no secret weapon, no magic bullet.
(548) 554-4313 View (548) 554-4313
Photo of Amanda Dewar - Strength Counselling Services, MEd, RCC, CCC, RSW, RP, Counsellor
Strength Counselling Services
Counsellor, MEd, RCC, CCC, RSW, RP
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2E  (Online Only)
We are an online counselling agency so do not provide services in person. Strength Counselling Services has licensed, experienced therapists who use evidence-based practices, prioritize client needs, and maintain ethical standards. We offer culturally sensitive, affordable services in a supportive environment. We offer a comprehensive goals assessment, regularly assess progress, and collaborate with other professionals. We provide transparency in our fees and for thirteen years now have held a positive reputation of trust, and client success. Lastly, ensuring our clients' privacy and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us.
We are an online counselling agency so do not provide services in person. Strength Counselling Services has licensed, experienced therapists who use evidence-based practices, prioritize client needs, and maintain ethical standards. We offer culturally sensitive, affordable services in a supportive environment. We offer a comprehensive goals assessment, regularly assess progress, and collaborate with other professionals. We provide transparency in our fees and for thirteen years now have held a positive reputation of trust, and client success. Lastly, ensuring our clients' privacy and confidentiality are of utmost importance to us.
(437) 747-8880 View (437) 747-8880
Photo of Bonnie Taylor - Bonnie Taylor Counselling & Consulting Services , MSW , RSW, Registered Social Worker
Bonnie Taylor Counselling & Consulting Services
Registered Social Worker, MSW , RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
Reaching out for therapy is a significant step to feeling less stressed, anxious, overwhelmed or isolated. I can support you to develop strategies and skills to increase life satisfaction, feel more positive, hopeful & increase your mental wellness, by offering you the space to discover more about yourself, your strengths, relationships and goals. I take a compassionate and sensitive approach when providing therapy. I will work with you to establish your goals, which may be personal, professional or within your relationships. I can help you to recognize your inner strengths, provide a safe neutral space & customize a treatment plan.
Reaching out for therapy is a significant step to feeling less stressed, anxious, overwhelmed or isolated. I can support you to develop strategies and skills to increase life satisfaction, feel more positive, hopeful & increase your mental wellness, by offering you the space to discover more about yourself, your strengths, relationships and goals. I take a compassionate and sensitive approach when providing therapy. I will work with you to establish your goals, which may be personal, professional or within your relationships. I can help you to recognize your inner strengths, provide a safe neutral space & customize a treatment plan.
(226) 773-2357 View (226) 773-2357
Photo of Street Therapy, MPsy, RP, (CRPO), CCC, Registered Psychotherapist
Street Therapy
Registered Psychotherapist, MPsy, RP, (CRPO), CCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
Operating for 16+ years, Street Therapy is a group practice, providing mental health services for clients across the lifespan. Our practitioners come from diverse academic, religious, spiritual, and cultural backgrounds, practicing within the neurodiversity and anti-oppressive frameworks. We strive to provide a safe space for clinicians and clients alike to explore and engage in collaborative, and respectful, psychotherapeutic relationships. Bernadette Street, clinical supervisor and director of Street Therapy, has over 15 years of experience working with children, youth and adults. Her expertise informs the work of our team.
Operating for 16+ years, Street Therapy is a group practice, providing mental health services for clients across the lifespan. Our practitioners come from diverse academic, religious, spiritual, and cultural backgrounds, practicing within the neurodiversity and anti-oppressive frameworks. We strive to provide a safe space for clinicians and clients alike to explore and engage in collaborative, and respectful, psychotherapeutic relationships. Bernadette Street, clinical supervisor and director of Street Therapy, has over 15 years of experience working with children, youth and adults. Her expertise informs the work of our team.
(647) 496-5504 View (647) 496-5504
Photo of Brooke Hill, RP, MEd, Registered Psychotherapist
Brooke Hill
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2P
I am a Clinic Director and Psychotherapist, highly experienced in Canada and abroad, in providing individualized care for a variety of mental issues and illnesses. An ideal client would be someone who is willing to put in the work to take a step towards change. Yet, you may not be ready for change, either way therapy is a safe form to find out. I want to help clients achieve their mental health goals through empowerment, awareness, acceptance and healing, with the use scientifically-based techniques that have been proven to be highly effective. You'll acquire the necessary tools to achieve a mind-body-soul approach to health.
I am a Clinic Director and Psychotherapist, highly experienced in Canada and abroad, in providing individualized care for a variety of mental issues and illnesses. An ideal client would be someone who is willing to put in the work to take a step towards change. Yet, you may not be ready for change, either way therapy is a safe form to find out. I want to help clients achieve their mental health goals through empowerment, awareness, acceptance and healing, with the use scientifically-based techniques that have been proven to be highly effective. You'll acquire the necessary tools to achieve a mind-body-soul approach to health.
(289) 210-6205 View (289) 210-6205
Photo of Shelly Pavlic - Midtown Counselling - Shelly Pavlic, BASc, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Midtown Counselling - Shelly Pavlic
Registered Social Worker, BASc, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
Living with a dark, stormy cloud over your head is no way to live. If your cloud is taking away from your personal life or career, you may feel burdened, alone or misunderstood. It doesn't have to be that way. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness Interventions relieve anxiety, depression & stress, restore confidence, develop effective family relationships, and unlock personal potential. The solutions to your problems might be closer than you think. Why wait? (Midtown Counselling offers immediate bookings to new clients).
Living with a dark, stormy cloud over your head is no way to live. If your cloud is taking away from your personal life or career, you may feel burdened, alone or misunderstood. It doesn't have to be that way. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness Interventions relieve anxiety, depression & stress, restore confidence, develop effective family relationships, and unlock personal potential. The solutions to your problems might be closer than you think. Why wait? (Midtown Counselling offers immediate bookings to new clients).
(519) 589-1550 View (519) 589-1550
Photo of Rhonda Kane, RNBScN, MTS, (PCC), RMFT, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Rhonda Kane
Registered Psychotherapist, RNBScN, MTS, (PCC), RMFT, RP
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2E
I have a passion for supporting clients through difficult times, while helping them to achieve optimal psychological and emotional well being. I have extensive clinical training experience with a broad range of issues and treatment approaches and am comfortable with people of all cultures and orientations. Certified by the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario in the area of clinical counselling, I provide assessment, counselling and therapy using an integrative approach, weaving together various methods to suit your unique needs. I also supervise other therapists who are seeking accreditation with their professional bodies. I am an AAMFT Clinical Fellow and Supervisor IT.
I have a passion for supporting clients through difficult times, while helping them to achieve optimal psychological and emotional well being. I have extensive clinical training experience with a broad range of issues and treatment approaches and am comfortable with people of all cultures and orientations. Certified by the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario in the area of clinical counselling, I provide assessment, counselling and therapy using an integrative approach, weaving together various methods to suit your unique needs. I also supervise other therapists who are seeking accreditation with their professional bodies. I am an AAMFT Clinical Fellow and Supervisor IT.
(226) 639-5626 View (226) 639-5626
Photo of Jade Echidime (Psychotherapy For You), RP (Q), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Jade Echidime (Psychotherapy For You)
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP (Q)
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2B
Are you feeling overwhelmed and struggling to cope with life’s challenges? Do you find yourself constantly worrying and feeling anxious? It’s normal to feel this way, but it does not have to be your daily reality. With the help of my psychotherapy services, you can gain the tools and support necessary to navigate through these difficult times. Imagine having a safe and confidential space to express your thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment. A place where you can explore your feelings and gain a deeper understanding of yourself. I am here to listen and guide you toward healing and growth.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and struggling to cope with life’s challenges? Do you find yourself constantly worrying and feeling anxious? It’s normal to feel this way, but it does not have to be your daily reality. With the help of my psychotherapy services, you can gain the tools and support necessary to navigate through these difficult times. Imagine having a safe and confidential space to express your thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment. A place where you can explore your feelings and gain a deeper understanding of yourself. I am here to listen and guide you toward healing and growth.
(289) 302-7703 View (289) 302-7703
Photo of Erin Graham, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Erin Graham
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2A  (Online Only)
Erin has over 17 years of experience working in all areas of the health care system, where she has acquired the skills for helping people get through some of the most difficult times in their lives. Erin has extensive knowledge of and uses evidence based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. She guides her clients on their path to recovery, empowering them to make positive changes in their lives. Erin assists clients in developing coping strategies, personalized and unique to their situation, and walks along side them in their journey to recovery. Erin also offers Walk N Talk therapy.
Erin has over 17 years of experience working in all areas of the health care system, where she has acquired the skills for helping people get through some of the most difficult times in their lives. Erin has extensive knowledge of and uses evidence based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. She guides her clients on their path to recovery, empowering them to make positive changes in their lives. Erin assists clients in developing coping strategies, personalized and unique to their situation, and walks along side them in their journey to recovery. Erin also offers Walk N Talk therapy.
(226) 782-4338 View (226) 782-4338
Photo of David Blair Corbett, BSc, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
David Blair Corbett
Registered Social Worker, BSc, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2E
I see adult individuals and male/female couples (premaritally and maritally). I specialize in attachment, emotional maturation, and trauma recovery with individuals (primarily men) . I also do a sizeable amount of addictions recovery or relapse prevention work with men. Maritally, I often work from an Emotionally Focused approach. In Christian Counselling, I utilize The Life Model/Thrive/HeartSync/Immanuel processes in understanding & assessing brain skills and trauma recovery needs. I also help new private practitioners set up their businesses and develop their clientele successfully. Please call for a consultation.
I see adult individuals and male/female couples (premaritally and maritally). I specialize in attachment, emotional maturation, and trauma recovery with individuals (primarily men) . I also do a sizeable amount of addictions recovery or relapse prevention work with men. Maritally, I often work from an Emotionally Focused approach. In Christian Counselling, I utilize The Life Model/Thrive/HeartSync/Immanuel processes in understanding & assessing brain skills and trauma recovery needs. I also help new private practitioners set up their businesses and develop their clientele successfully. Please call for a consultation.
(226) 458-4599 View (226) 458-4599
Photo of Soha Elsayed, MSW, RSW, MBA, Registered Social Worker
Soha Elsayed
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2N  (Online Only)
Being anxious, sad, overwhelmed or having no hope can have a negative impact on your physical and mental health. Seeking help might not be easy; and opening up and revealing yourself in therapy can be intimidating. This is why most people who suffer mentally and emotionally, do not seek help, often being forced to cope in unhealthy ways to seek temporary relief. But you are here because you are seeking help, congratulations for taking your first step towards healing!
Being anxious, sad, overwhelmed or having no hope can have a negative impact on your physical and mental health. Seeking help might not be easy; and opening up and revealing yourself in therapy can be intimidating. This is why most people who suffer mentally and emotionally, do not seek help, often being forced to cope in unhealthy ways to seek temporary relief. But you are here because you are seeking help, congratulations for taking your first step towards healing!
(226) 781-3867 View (226) 781-3867
Photo of Kaitlyn Power, MSW, RSW, TCTSY-F, Registered Social Worker
Kaitlyn Power
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, TCTSY-F
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
My clinical work has been offering individual and group therapy to those who are navigating various life obstacle ages 15+. Whether it is impacting life engagement, decision making or emotional capacity I work along side folks experiencing trauma, depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, eating disorder, addiction, grief, stress or those suffering with persistent or chronic pain. My clinical work and training in trauma has been supporting those who have experiences of childhood or adult sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, workplace trauma including first responders and military personnel, medical/dental trauma.
My clinical work has been offering individual and group therapy to those who are navigating various life obstacle ages 15+. Whether it is impacting life engagement, decision making or emotional capacity I work along side folks experiencing trauma, depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, eating disorder, addiction, grief, stress or those suffering with persistent or chronic pain. My clinical work and training in trauma has been supporting those who have experiences of childhood or adult sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, workplace trauma including first responders and military personnel, medical/dental trauma.
(226) 407-6039 View (226) 407-6039
Photo of Alejandra Seira, MACP, BA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Alejandra Seira
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP, BA
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2M
I fully recognize that everyone’s wellness journey is uniquely their own, shaped by various individual experiences and circumstantial factors. I skillfully combine effective therapeutic methods with compassionate, empathetic support to help you navigate and face life’s multiple challenges with confidence. Whether you are currently dealing with anxiety, depression, or relationship issues, or you are simply seeking personal growth, I am here to assist you throughout this transformative process. Begin your healing and transformation today—your significant journey starts now.
I fully recognize that everyone’s wellness journey is uniquely their own, shaped by various individual experiences and circumstantial factors. I skillfully combine effective therapeutic methods with compassionate, empathetic support to help you navigate and face life’s multiple challenges with confidence. Whether you are currently dealing with anxiety, depression, or relationship issues, or you are simply seeking personal growth, I am here to assist you throughout this transformative process. Begin your healing and transformation today—your significant journey starts now.
(226) 887-1449 View (226) 887-1449
Photo of Shalyn Dussiaume-Good - Shalyn Dussiaume Counselling, MA, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Shalyn Dussiaume Counselling
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2P
Shalyn Dussiaume-Good is a Registered Psychotherapist and is currently working with a wide variety of clients with varying life issues. Her therapy models include using CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) and DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy).
Shalyn Dussiaume-Good is a Registered Psychotherapist and is currently working with a wide variety of clients with varying life issues. Her therapy models include using CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) and DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy).
(226) 270-8329 View (226) 270-8329
Photo of Mary Soppitt, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Mary Soppitt
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2M
Welcome here! Whatever brought you to this space, I want you to know you are welcome and supported. I view the therapeutic journey, as a client welcoming me to walk alongside them as they walk on the pathway of their life, and I don’t take this invitation lightly. I can understand it can be vulnerable to reach out for support and I honor your bravery in taking the first step. I hold a strong belief in the expertise of clients when it comes to their own lives, and as a therapist, my role is to support and guide you in processing and uncovering what's happening for you, in your internal world.
Welcome here! Whatever brought you to this space, I want you to know you are welcome and supported. I view the therapeutic journey, as a client welcoming me to walk alongside them as they walk on the pathway of their life, and I don’t take this invitation lightly. I can understand it can be vulnerable to reach out for support and I honor your bravery in taking the first step. I hold a strong belief in the expertise of clients when it comes to their own lives, and as a therapist, my role is to support and guide you in processing and uncovering what's happening for you, in your internal world.
(548) 457-1530 View (548) 457-1530
Photo of Emily Gaede, BSW, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Emily Gaede
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2M
My clients usually come to therapy for relief from their mental health symptoms. They are often feeling overwhelmed, have been thinking about making changes for a long time and are feeling stuck in how to move forward. Together we look at the issues, explore how it is impacting their lives, and come up goals and a treatment plan. This treatment plan includes learning more about your mental health, gaining new skills and strategies that you will carry with you long after therapy ends, and finally practicing a language of self-compassion to replace unhelpful/critical thinking.
My clients usually come to therapy for relief from their mental health symptoms. They are often feeling overwhelmed, have been thinking about making changes for a long time and are feeling stuck in how to move forward. Together we look at the issues, explore how it is impacting their lives, and come up goals and a treatment plan. This treatment plan includes learning more about your mental health, gaining new skills and strategies that you will carry with you long after therapy ends, and finally practicing a language of self-compassion to replace unhelpful/critical thinking.
(548) 483-5778 View (548) 483-5778
Photo of Caroline Marguerite Miege - Caroline Miege Counselling Services, MEd, RSW, CCC, Registered Social Worker
Caroline Miege Counselling Services
Registered Social Worker, MEd, RSW, CCC
Verified Verified
Kitchener, ON N2G  (Online Only)
I bring my over 30 years of experience with counselling to you, offering culturally safe, trauma informed and evidence based treatments. We will build on your skills and strengths, working together and drawing from community to obtain the results you want from counselling. I am influenced by a number of therapeutic modalities, but my approach is based on being person-centered, meaning that I strive to understand the client’s point of view, and create a relationship that is caring, genuine and non-judgmental. I have specialized training in Trauma/PTSD treatment, ADHD, Solution Focused Therapy, Mindfulness Based CBT, DBT, ACT, EMDR.
I bring my over 30 years of experience with counselling to you, offering culturally safe, trauma informed and evidence based treatments. We will build on your skills and strengths, working together and drawing from community to obtain the results you want from counselling. I am influenced by a number of therapeutic modalities, but my approach is based on being person-centered, meaning that I strive to understand the client’s point of view, and create a relationship that is caring, genuine and non-judgmental. I have specialized training in Trauma/PTSD treatment, ADHD, Solution Focused Therapy, Mindfulness Based CBT, DBT, ACT, EMDR.
(437) 747-6650 View (437) 747-6650
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Counsellors

When should someone seek treatment for a traumatic brain injury?

People should seek a diagnosis and treatment after a head injury, especially if they were unconscious, and an early diagnosis can lead to a better recovery. Signs of a concussion include headaches, nausea or vomiting, exhaustion, dizziness, vision problems, sensitivity to light and sound, problems with attention and memory, brain fog, unusual irritability or sadness, and unusual sleep patterns.

What’s the most common treatment for a traumatic brain injury?

Treatment for a traumatic brain injury will be different depending on the severity of the problem. For mild injuries, treatment may involve rest and over-the-counter pain or headache medication. For moderate or severe injuries, treatment may involve stabilisation, medication, and rehabilitative therapies such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, cognitive therapy, and counselling.

How long does it take to recover from traumatic brain injury?

The recovery time for a traumatic brain injury depends on the individual and the severity and nature of the injury; the length of time spent unconscious is often an indicator of severity. Recovery time for mild injuries may be a week or two while recovery time for more severe injuries may be six months to two years. Research suggests that the vast majority of recovery occurs in the first two years after an injury; recovery after that time frame is less certain.

What if a traumatic brain injury is left untreated?

If a traumatic brain injury is left untreated, it can lead to long-term physical and mental health problems. Physical problems may include dizziness, headaches, vision, healing, or speech loss, and an elevated risk of dementia. Psychological problems may include impairments of memory, judgment, and decision-making, depression, aggression, poor impulse control, and personality changes.