Life Coaching Therapists in Innisfil, ON

Photo of Deborah Alton, BA, NLP, MACP, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Deborah Alton
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, NLP, MACP, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
I am passionate about my work with families and individuals. I am on the board of the Simcoe Collaborative Law Association and provide Couples Therapy as well as Divorce/Family Coaching. I am committed to assisting couples and co-parents towards a decision making process that is 'win-win' and provides a safe environment to explore change. I focus on guiding clients towards removing the barriers to love's presence, and empowering them to live their lives at their full potential. I specialize in high conflict separation/divorce, mediation, assessments, co-parenting, parenting plans, and family reintegration therapy.
I am passionate about my work with families and individuals. I am on the board of the Simcoe Collaborative Law Association and provide Couples Therapy as well as Divorce/Family Coaching. I am committed to assisting couples and co-parents towards a decision making process that is 'win-win' and provides a safe environment to explore change. I focus on guiding clients towards removing the barriers to love's presence, and empowering them to live their lives at their full potential. I specialize in high conflict separation/divorce, mediation, assessments, co-parenting, parenting plans, and family reintegration therapy.
(855) 574-3079 View (855) 574-3079
Photo of Milicia Reid - Counselling, Coaching, Consulting by Milicia , Bsc, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Counselling, Coaching, Consulting by Milicia
Registered Social Worker, Bsc, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Are you feeling like you have lost control of your life or what’s important to you? Does any of the following describe what you are experiencing - feeling stuck, hurt, lost, broken, betrayed, hopeless, helpless, confused, stressed, anxious, afraid, exhausted or worthless? Are you grappling with shame and regret? It doesn’t have to end this way. I have been there, and I can help you rewrite your story and pull things back together. My goal is to partner with you in achieving your goals and resolutions. I acknowledge that you know your story best and I will collaborate with you to discover your unique strengths and resources.
Are you feeling like you have lost control of your life or what’s important to you? Does any of the following describe what you are experiencing - feeling stuck, hurt, lost, broken, betrayed, hopeless, helpless, confused, stressed, anxious, afraid, exhausted or worthless? Are you grappling with shame and regret? It doesn’t have to end this way. I have been there, and I can help you rewrite your story and pull things back together. My goal is to partner with you in achieving your goals and resolutions. I acknowledge that you know your story best and I will collaborate with you to discover your unique strengths and resources.
(249) 490-5681 View (249) 490-5681
Photo of Krystal Harrington, RSSW, RTCc, Registered Social Worker
Krystal Harrington
Registered Social Worker, RSSW, RTCc
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S  (Online Only)
I understand the difficulties of managing life in today's fast-paced world.
Hi my name is Krystal, and my aim is to support clients who have faced various adversities. I specialize in addictions, single parenting, domestic violence, grief, and loss. My therapeutic approach is strength based and solution focused. Providing a holistic environment, I hold space to empower clients to take charge of their own healing journey. Services are available in Ontario and Alberta. Virtual services offered only at this time.
I understand the difficulties of managing life in today's fast-paced world.
Hi my name is Krystal, and my aim is to support clients who have faced various adversities. I specialize in addictions, single parenting, domestic violence, grief, and loss. My therapeutic approach is strength based and solution focused. Providing a holistic environment, I hold space to empower clients to take charge of their own healing journey. Services are available in Ontario and Alberta. Virtual services offered only at this time.
(587) 742-3875 View (587) 742-3875
Photo of Jessy Danyluk, MA, BA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Jessy Danyluk
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, BA
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Welcome to Therapy Heals! My previous experience allows me to work with a wide scope of clients including children, teens, young adults, families and couples and a wide range of mental health issues such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, depression/suicidal ideation, grief support/end of life support and neurodivergent disorders such as ADHD and ASD. I have training and experience using a variety of therapeutic modalities, such as Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Therapeutic Play and Couple’s Counselling.
Welcome to Therapy Heals! My previous experience allows me to work with a wide scope of clients including children, teens, young adults, families and couples and a wide range of mental health issues such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, depression/suicidal ideation, grief support/end of life support and neurodivergent disorders such as ADHD and ASD. I have training and experience using a variety of therapeutic modalities, such as Narrative Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Therapeutic Play and Couple’s Counselling.
(249) 202-5111 View (249) 202-5111
Photo of Lindsay Tsang, MACP, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Lindsay Tsang
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Ever just feel stuck? Like, you need someone to actually listen, get what you’re going through, and not just brush it off? When your emotions go haywire, it’s like watching your life from the sidelines. Anger takes over. Anxiety hits hard. Depression has you stuck on the couch. Maybe your moods have pushed people away, and your job and relationships are at risk. The feelings of guilt and shame are real. Or the feelings are internal, like you are spiraling, and wondering, 'Will I ever feel normal again?' Life can feel completely out of control. But you don’t have to go through this alone.
Ever just feel stuck? Like, you need someone to actually listen, get what you’re going through, and not just brush it off? When your emotions go haywire, it’s like watching your life from the sidelines. Anger takes over. Anxiety hits hard. Depression has you stuck on the couch. Maybe your moods have pushed people away, and your job and relationships are at risk. The feelings of guilt and shame are real. Or the feelings are internal, like you are spiraling, and wondering, 'Will I ever feel normal again?' Life can feel completely out of control. But you don’t have to go through this alone.
(249) 502-5830 View (249) 502-5830
Photo of Tanis Vos - Words Of Hope Counselling Services, RSW, BSW, SSW, Registered Social Worker
Words Of Hope Counselling Services
Registered Social Worker, RSW, BSW, SSW
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Why Choose Words of Hope? You can feel confident that you will receive the service you deserve Certified RSW's 30 years of combined experience Specializing in Marriage and Family Counselling Health Benefits coverage Therapists who have experienced success within their own marriages/relationships and family life Professional, warm and private office and waiting area.
If you are looking for therapists who will understand you and treat your problems with the utmost of sensitivity and professionalism then you have come to the right place. We offer quick service, an unbiased approach and professional couples counselling and individual therapy for any issue you may be experiencing in your relationship challenges or other life difficulties. We offer a 100% success rate for clients who are dedicated and bring with them a desire, a belief, the courage and patience to see through the process of therapy.
Why Choose Words of Hope? You can feel confident that you will receive the service you deserve Certified RSW's 30 years of combined experience Specializing in Marriage and Family Counselling Health Benefits coverage Therapists who have experienced success within their own marriages/relationships and family life Professional, warm and private office and waiting area.
If you are looking for therapists who will understand you and treat your problems with the utmost of sensitivity and professionalism then you have come to the right place. We offer quick service, an unbiased approach and professional couples counselling and individual therapy for any issue you may be experiencing in your relationship challenges or other life difficulties. We offer a 100% success rate for clients who are dedicated and bring with them a desire, a belief, the courage and patience to see through the process of therapy.
(705) 990-1671 View (705) 990-1671
Photo of Karen Hansen - Karen Hansen Psychotherapy, CYC, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Karen Hansen Psychotherapy
Registered Psychotherapist, CYC, RP
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S  (Online Only)
Together we can work through various difficulties you may be experiencing such as; Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, Coping Skills, Daily Life Stressors and more.
Have you been feeling "stuck" or not "yourself"? Or maybe you are finding past experiences are affecting how you feel in the present? Has anxiety/depression been challenging to cope with? If you are reading this, it would seem you are considering taking the step towards working through what you are struggling with. I would be happy to help support you! I offer a safe, non - judgmental, easy going environment where you can express yourself freely. I can help you establish what your goals are for therapy and from there, help guide you towards success in those goals.
Together we can work through various difficulties you may be experiencing such as; Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, Coping Skills, Daily Life Stressors and more.
Have you been feeling "stuck" or not "yourself"? Or maybe you are finding past experiences are affecting how you feel in the present? Has anxiety/depression been challenging to cope with? If you are reading this, it would seem you are considering taking the step towards working through what you are struggling with. I would be happy to help support you! I offer a safe, non - judgmental, easy going environment where you can express yourself freely. I can help you establish what your goals are for therapy and from there, help guide you towards success in those goals.
(705) 999-8352 View (705) 999-8352
Photo of Joanne McCafferty, BA Psyc, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Joanne McCafferty
Registered Psychotherapist, BA Psyc, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
Together we will develop healthier coping strategies to assist in your day-to-day life to improve your mental health, wellness and healing.
Welcome! I am delighted you are here! Seeking therapy and change is an act of courage! I provide in-person therapy, as well as virtual and phone sessions . I specialize in working with adolescents, adults and families. I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 30 years’ experience working with people to improve their mental health. I utilize evidence-based approaches such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), and mindfulness. I integrate a number of other therapeutic approaches into my practice and seek to fit the approach to the individual’s needs, preferences, and strengths.
Together we will develop healthier coping strategies to assist in your day-to-day life to improve your mental health, wellness and healing.
Welcome! I am delighted you are here! Seeking therapy and change is an act of courage! I provide in-person therapy, as well as virtual and phone sessions . I specialize in working with adolescents, adults and families. I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 30 years’ experience working with people to improve their mental health. I utilize evidence-based approaches such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), and mindfulness. I integrate a number of other therapeutic approaches into my practice and seek to fit the approach to the individual’s needs, preferences, and strengths.
(249) 444-2332 View (249) 444-2332
Photo of Emily Dunn - Bay View Therapy Centre, Registered Social Worker
Bay View Therapy Centre
Registered Social Worker
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Call us for a free consultation to see how we can work together to help you live your best life.
Welcome and thanks for stopping by! We are a team of Registered Social Workers and Psychotherapists with decades of experience working with individuals impacted by trauma, abuse, PTSD, anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship and self-esteem issues. We use a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach to guide our therapeutic interventions and empower people to reach their goals. We believe every individual has the power and strength to work through their adversities, and our role your therapist is to work collaboratively with you to help you acknowledge your strengths, build upon them & heal to live a happy and success.
Call us for a free consultation to see how we can work together to help you live your best life.
Welcome and thanks for stopping by! We are a team of Registered Social Workers and Psychotherapists with decades of experience working with individuals impacted by trauma, abuse, PTSD, anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship and self-esteem issues. We use a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach to guide our therapeutic interventions and empower people to reach their goals. We believe every individual has the power and strength to work through their adversities, and our role your therapist is to work collaboratively with you to help you acknowledge your strengths, build upon them & heal to live a happy and success.
(249) 495-5383 View (249) 495-5383
Photo of Esha Jain, BA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Esha Jain
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
Together we can work towards the life you envision for yourself, one step at a time.
Imagine your ideal life—one where self-esteem and self-compassion are your foundation. You are someone ready to break free from the patterns of self-doubt and external expectations. You seek to rediscover your true self and reinvent who you are, so you can live a life that is authentically yours, and not shaped by the demands of others. Together, we will work to empower you to embrace your worth, develop inner strength, and create the fulfilling, purpose-driven life you envision. I will help you navigate the complexities of your thoughts and emotions, fostering resilience, and guiding you toward a deeper understanding
Together we can work towards the life you envision for yourself, one step at a time.
Imagine your ideal life—one where self-esteem and self-compassion are your foundation. You are someone ready to break free from the patterns of self-doubt and external expectations. You seek to rediscover your true self and reinvent who you are, so you can live a life that is authentically yours, and not shaped by the demands of others. Together, we will work to empower you to embrace your worth, develop inner strength, and create the fulfilling, purpose-driven life you envision. I will help you navigate the complexities of your thoughts and emotions, fostering resilience, and guiding you toward a deeper understanding
(249) 480-1250 View (249) 480-1250
Photo of Charlotte Fergusson, MACP, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Charlotte Fergusson
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S  (Online Only)
Charlotte Fergusson MACP, R.P. has over 25 years of experience providing high quality, compassionate services. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP) and offers psychotherapy for a wide range of concerns, such as, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, acute trauma, grief, anger management, stress management, emotional regulation, life transitions, separation and divorce to children, teens, families and adults. Charlotte also meet the CPRO criteria for Clinical Supervision offers Clinical supervision to students and those qualifying for CPRO hours.
Charlotte Fergusson MACP, R.P. has over 25 years of experience providing high quality, compassionate services. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP) and offers psychotherapy for a wide range of concerns, such as, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, acute trauma, grief, anger management, stress management, emotional regulation, life transitions, separation and divorce to children, teens, families and adults. Charlotte also meet the CPRO criteria for Clinical Supervision offers Clinical supervision to students and those qualifying for CPRO hours.
(249) 202-2070 View (249) 202-2070
Photo of Alpar Szotyori, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Alpar Szotyori
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
It is my hope to provide you with a safe and non-judgmental space to work towards creating meaningful changes in your life.
Welcome! I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 20 years’ experience supporting individuals in achieving their mental health goals. My practice has a strong foundation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy along with different therapeutic approaches to best fit your individual needs and strengths. Together we can address feelings of anxiety, low mood, self image/confidence or relational issues. We will explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that may have you feeling stuck. Working together to change these patterns to identify and reframe beliefs about yourself and the world around you.
It is my hope to provide you with a safe and non-judgmental space to work towards creating meaningful changes in your life.
Welcome! I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 20 years’ experience supporting individuals in achieving their mental health goals. My practice has a strong foundation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy along with different therapeutic approaches to best fit your individual needs and strengths. Together we can address feelings of anxiety, low mood, self image/confidence or relational issues. We will explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that may have you feeling stuck. Working together to change these patterns to identify and reframe beliefs about yourself and the world around you.
(249) 503-3527 View (249) 503-3527
Photo of Tim George Tentcher - Mental Health Support, CSW, CPRP
Mental Health Support
CSW, CPRP
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
My approach interweaves cognitive therapy, positive psychology, and life planning, to help individuals have a content mind and soul.
I counsel and support individuals, couples and families who feel stuck in life or who have mental health or marriage issues. Anxiety, depression, addiction and family issues are my main focus. My training in social work, addictions, family therapy and personal experience enables me to help families support each other. Mental health issues have been part of my life and our families. We know from experience what helps us recover.
My approach interweaves cognitive therapy, positive psychology, and life planning, to help individuals have a content mind and soul.
I counsel and support individuals, couples and families who feel stuck in life or who have mental health or marriage issues. Anxiety, depression, addiction and family issues are my main focus. My training in social work, addictions, family therapy and personal experience enables me to help families support each other. Mental health issues have been part of my life and our families. We know from experience what helps us recover.
(226) 286-8468 View (226) 286-8468
Photo of Elaine C Bennett - Elaine Bennett, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Elaine Bennett
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed with everyday life? Are you experiencing challenges in your relationships? Are you feeling stuck or unmotivated? I help individuals who are experiencing symptoms of stress, symptoms of anxiety, and symptoms of depression. I also help individuals with self esteem and relationship issues. I also support individuals who are experiencing loss.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with everyday life? Are you experiencing challenges in your relationships? Are you feeling stuck or unmotivated? I help individuals who are experiencing symptoms of stress, symptoms of anxiety, and symptoms of depression. I also help individuals with self esteem and relationship issues. I also support individuals who are experiencing loss.
(249) 495-5345 View (249) 495-5345
Photo of Aliza Neger, MSW, BSW, RSW, SSW, Registered Social Worker
Aliza Neger
Registered Social Worker, MSW, BSW, RSW, SSW
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Quick, close your eyes. Where do you expect to be in five years? When I was in my own despair, I never would have imagined that less than five years after living through such tumultuous times, my life would bring me to this incredible field. My work is now my calling and I am super passionate about supporting my clients through their growth and change. For over a decade, I have worked with a range of private clients and organizations. My years of experience has introduced me to clients and their families, experiencing highly diverse struggles including trauma, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, substance abuse, and more.
Quick, close your eyes. Where do you expect to be in five years? When I was in my own despair, I never would have imagined that less than five years after living through such tumultuous times, my life would bring me to this incredible field. My work is now my calling and I am super passionate about supporting my clients through their growth and change. For over a decade, I have worked with a range of private clients and organizations. My years of experience has introduced me to clients and their families, experiencing highly diverse struggles including trauma, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, substance abuse, and more.
(647) 424-5061 View (647) 424-5061
Photo of Ashley Bergman, MSW, BSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Ashley Bergman
Registered Social Worker, MSW, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
I work with individuals including children, teens and adults to help them increase their coping skills, improve relationships, reduce anxiety etc. I also service couples who are looking to increase communication and overall relationship satisfaction with their partner. In addition, I provide parenting support as well as service families. I provide support to adoptees seeking support connecting with their biological families as well. I am a Non Insured Health Benefits (NIHB) Provider as well for those Indian Status. Sessions are via telephone, virtually or in person in Barrie, ON. Book a free 15 minute consultation via email, today!
I work with individuals including children, teens and adults to help them increase their coping skills, improve relationships, reduce anxiety etc. I also service couples who are looking to increase communication and overall relationship satisfaction with their partner. In addition, I provide parenting support as well as service families. I provide support to adoptees seeking support connecting with their biological families as well. I am a Non Insured Health Benefits (NIHB) Provider as well for those Indian Status. Sessions are via telephone, virtually or in person in Barrie, ON. Book a free 15 minute consultation via email, today!
(249) 500-4484 View (249) 500-4484
Photo of Cheri Szotyori, CYC, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Cheri Szotyori
Registered Psychotherapist, CYC, RP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
Wonderful! You have taken the first step in improving your mental wellness! I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 25 years working with people to improve their Mental Health and increase their Mental Wellness. I've developed a reputation for my ability to create a trusting and compassionate environment which will help ensure your therapeutic success. My approach has a strong foundation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. As well, I integrate a number of different therapeutic approaches into my practice and seek to fit the approach to the individual needs, preferences, and strengths of each person.
Wonderful! You have taken the first step in improving your mental wellness! I am a Registered Psychotherapist with over 25 years working with people to improve their Mental Health and increase their Mental Wellness. I've developed a reputation for my ability to create a trusting and compassionate environment which will help ensure your therapeutic success. My approach has a strong foundation in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. As well, I integrate a number of different therapeutic approaches into my practice and seek to fit the approach to the individual needs, preferences, and strengths of each person.
(705) 300-0783 View (705) 300-0783
Photo of Sarah Allen, MA, RP(Q), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Sarah Allen
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, RP(Q)
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Innisfil, ON L9S
Are you looking to build skills to manage your depression or anxiety more effectively? Explore and adapt your core beliefs? Or engage in therapy to identify solutions to challenging issues? Do you struggle with intrusive thoughts, addictions or just feel like you don't fit in. Working with adults young and old I help people make the changes in their lives so that their approach to living is more in line with their goals and values. Change is hard, you don't have to do it alone.
Are you looking to build skills to manage your depression or anxiety more effectively? Explore and adapt your core beliefs? Or engage in therapy to identify solutions to challenging issues? Do you struggle with intrusive thoughts, addictions or just feel like you don't fit in. Working with adults young and old I help people make the changes in their lives so that their approach to living is more in line with their goals and values. Change is hard, you don't have to do it alone.
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Photo of Amy May, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Amy May
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I'm a Social Worker passionate about helping individuals seeking support on their mental health journey. I'm not sure what brings you here, but for many of my clients, it is a desire to change how they feel about their daily lives. At times, they may be struggling with thoughts about themselves, others, and/or their lives in general. They may feel fearful, depressed, anxious, ashamed, stuck, and/or the desire to please people with little regard for themselves. They, at times, feel responsible for everyone else's problems, which leads to exhaustion and a sense of failure. They may experience triggers and don't understand why.
Hello! I'm a Social Worker passionate about helping individuals seeking support on their mental health journey. I'm not sure what brings you here, but for many of my clients, it is a desire to change how they feel about their daily lives. At times, they may be struggling with thoughts about themselves, others, and/or their lives in general. They may feel fearful, depressed, anxious, ashamed, stuck, and/or the desire to please people with little regard for themselves. They, at times, feel responsible for everyone else's problems, which leads to exhaustion and a sense of failure. They may experience triggers and don't understand why.
(249) 444-0264 View (249) 444-0264
Photo of Diana Korsounski, LCSW, MSW, BHSc, Registered Social Worker
Diana Korsounski
Registered Social Worker, LCSW, MSW, BHSc
Verified Verified
Innisfil, ON L9S
“With a heart like that, you deserve the world.” (R.M. Drake) - Don’t we all deserve to be the very best version of ourselves, the Best You that there can be. Together, we can examine common negative thinking patterns; in addition, we can work on developing better coping strategies aimed at enhancing personal positive reasoning skills and attitude.
“With a heart like that, you deserve the world.” (R.M. Drake) - Don’t we all deserve to be the very best version of ourselves, the Best You that there can be. Together, we can examine common negative thinking patterns; in addition, we can work on developing better coping strategies aimed at enhancing personal positive reasoning skills and attitude.
(249) 490-5363 View (249) 490-5363
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See more therapy options for Innisfil

Life Coaching Counsellors

What can I expect from life coaching?

Clients and coaches will typically start by identifying the problem area(s) that the client hopes to address—then, the coach will help the client brainstorm potential solutions and explore concrete techniques to help the client attain their goals. Coaching is typically short-term and focused on finding solutions in the here and now, rather than exploring a client’s past. In addition to strategies aimed at the client’s specific concerns, coaches may encourage general stress management techniques such as meditation.

Can a life coach help treat anxiety?

Because the majority of life coaches are not licensed clinicians, they are not qualified to diagnose or treat anxiety. Anyone struggling with anxiety or another mental health condition should seek help from a licensed mental health practitioner. However, some coaching clients who struggle with subclinical anxiety report that working with their coach on other problems—such as career dissatisfaction or unhealthy habits—has a positive effect on their anxiety.

Can life coaching be done online?

Yes. While life coaching often happens in person, many coaches conduct sessions over the phone or via online platforms such as Zoom or Skype. Because life coaches are not subject to local licensing regulations in the same way that therapists are, they are able to see clients who live in other locations.

How long does life coaching last?

Life coaching tends to be a shorter-term process than therapy, though it does not always unfold over a specific period of time and is instead based on the coach’s or the client’s preferences. Coaching often takes place over three to 12 months but may be shorter or longer if necessary.