Photo of Pamella Seaton-Brissett, BSW, BA, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Pamella Seaton-Brissett
Registered Social Worker, BSW, BA, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
With over 20 years of professional counselling experience helping many individuals, couples and families, I know how hard life's challenges can be and I know that it takes courage to stand up to the problems in your life. You don't need to be alone. I will work with you on any of the following life, career and relationship issues: work-life balance, career counselling, lacks of motivation, depression, anxiety, self-harm, suicide tendencies, teen violence, trauma, domestic violence, women/female issues and interpersonal issues such as relationship, communication, and intimacy.
With over 20 years of professional counselling experience helping many individuals, couples and families, I know how hard life's challenges can be and I know that it takes courage to stand up to the problems in your life. You don't need to be alone. I will work with you on any of the following life, career and relationship issues: work-life balance, career counselling, lacks of motivation, depression, anxiety, self-harm, suicide tendencies, teen violence, trauma, domestic violence, women/female issues and interpersonal issues such as relationship, communication, and intimacy.
(855) 972-9502 View (855) 972-9502
Photo of Sinthuja Rajkumar, MACP, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Sinthuja Rajkumar
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
When individuals experience life stressors or challenges, it can be very exhausting and their lives may seem to unravel. An important first step in the journey of recovery and self-discovery is talking about it with someone. As a Registered Psychotherapist with CRPO, I provide ethical, compassionate, and culturally sensitive care to the youth and adult population through a client-led practice, including accommodation of, and respect for differences in opinions, values, and attitudes across various cultures in a cooperative, anti-oppressive practice.
When individuals experience life stressors or challenges, it can be very exhausting and their lives may seem to unravel. An important first step in the journey of recovery and self-discovery is talking about it with someone. As a Registered Psychotherapist with CRPO, I provide ethical, compassionate, and culturally sensitive care to the youth and adult population through a client-led practice, including accommodation of, and respect for differences in opinions, values, and attitudes across various cultures in a cooperative, anti-oppressive practice.
(437) 747-5083 View (437) 747-5083
Photo of Sara Usmani, MA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Sara Usmani
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cultivating a meaningful life can sometimes be a challenge for us all. No matter your goal, I strive to empower you to develop the meaningful, rich life that you desire. I have over seven years of experience working with children, youth and adults in an array of professional mental health settings. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, procrastination, adjustment, parent-child conflict and more.
Cultivating a meaningful life can sometimes be a challenge for us all. No matter your goal, I strive to empower you to develop the meaningful, rich life that you desire. I have over seven years of experience working with children, youth and adults in an array of professional mental health settings. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, procrastination, adjustment, parent-child conflict and more.
(289) 278-6927 View (289) 278-6927
Photo of Kern Stanberry, DMin, RP, RMFT, Registered Psychotherapist
Kern Stanberry
Registered Psychotherapist, DMin, RP, RMFT
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
My mission is to walk with you as you take steps to address your personal and relationship concerns, challenges, and problems. I provide professional counselling and therapy to individuals, couples, and families in order to help you live healthy and fulfilled lives. George Eliot, a nineteenth century author once said: "It is never too late to be what you might have been." I will help you work towards finding solutions, strategies, and supports as you address the particular hurdles, problems, or needs that keep you from being the person, or having the relationship, that you desire.
My mission is to walk with you as you take steps to address your personal and relationship concerns, challenges, and problems. I provide professional counselling and therapy to individuals, couples, and families in order to help you live healthy and fulfilled lives. George Eliot, a nineteenth century author once said: "It is never too late to be what you might have been." I will help you work towards finding solutions, strategies, and supports as you address the particular hurdles, problems, or needs that keep you from being the person, or having the relationship, that you desire.
(855) 445-3023 x102 View (855) 445-3023 x102
Photo of Catherine Chan, BSW, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Catherine Chan
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Need a breakthrough? Stand at a crossroad? Wish to take a second look at your road map? Wonder about your dreams and hopes? Want to become the best you can be? Worry about someone? Feel lonely? Exhausted? Anxious? Depressed? Angry? Vulnerable? Are any of these images filling up your space? Do you want some caring, respectful, and inspirational professional support for de-stressing yourself?
Need a breakthrough? Stand at a crossroad? Wish to take a second look at your road map? Wonder about your dreams and hopes? Want to become the best you can be? Worry about someone? Feel lonely? Exhausted? Anxious? Depressed? Angry? Vulnerable? Are any of these images filling up your space? Do you want some caring, respectful, and inspirational professional support for de-stressing yourself?
(289) 207-6684 View (289) 207-6684
Photo of Salma Jaffer, MSW, RSW, BSW, Registered Social Worker
Salma Jaffer
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, BSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
I am offering Televirtual therapy through Zoom and/or Phone. Life is a complex journey! Difficult events can lead to emotional pain, stress, and feelings of isolation not knowing what to do. When frustrated, or feeling out of control, a skillful therapist can walk you through a positive transformation. In this case, therapy is a solution in overcoming life challenges. Together we can pave the way towards reaching a positive and a better place where you can live life to the fullest, with greater personal awareness and personal growth while developing insight leading to a more peaceful life.
I am offering Televirtual therapy through Zoom and/or Phone. Life is a complex journey! Difficult events can lead to emotional pain, stress, and feelings of isolation not knowing what to do. When frustrated, or feeling out of control, a skillful therapist can walk you through a positive transformation. In this case, therapy is a solution in overcoming life challenges. Together we can pave the way towards reaching a positive and a better place where you can live life to the fullest, with greater personal awareness and personal growth while developing insight leading to a more peaceful life.
(416) 846-4732 View (416) 846-4732
Photo of Ian O'Neill, MDiv, Registered Psychotherapist
Ian O'Neill
Registered Psychotherapist, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Do you feel anxious and alone these days? Does it feel like no one is listening to you? Perhaps you've always been a little nervous, but were able to cope without any trouble. Now things have changed it's not easy to do your job or live without wondering what others will think. You want to do more living and spend less time being in your own head, and you've discovered this isn't easy to talk about. You don't want to burden your friends, and would they understand anyway? Still, this is impacting your life, your health and your relationship. Right now you probably don't talk about this with anybody. I can help.
Do you feel anxious and alone these days? Does it feel like no one is listening to you? Perhaps you've always been a little nervous, but were able to cope without any trouble. Now things have changed it's not easy to do your job or live without wondering what others will think. You want to do more living and spend less time being in your own head, and you've discovered this isn't easy to talk about. You don't want to burden your friends, and would they understand anyway? Still, this is impacting your life, your health and your relationship. Right now you probably don't talk about this with anybody. I can help.
(289) 272-8513 View (289) 272-8513
Photo of Marta Suchta - Marta Suchta Counselling & Psychotherapy , Hons BA, MSW, RSW, RRP, VRA CA, Registered Social Worker
Marta Suchta Counselling & Psychotherapy
Registered Social Worker, Hons BA, MSW, RSW, RRP, VRA CA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chances are that you may be experiencing some stress, dissatisfaction or disenchantment in your life. These are completely normal facets of the human condition and looking into some outside supports is one step to address these often difficult feelings. I acknowledge that this can be a frightening process and want to assure you that I will meet you where you are at; in a safe, kind, genuine and non-judgmental space. I have over 14 years of counselling and therapy experience in hospitals, community and government settings. I have helped individuals of different ages, backgrounds and cultural groups with a wide range of difficulties.
Chances are that you may be experiencing some stress, dissatisfaction or disenchantment in your life. These are completely normal facets of the human condition and looking into some outside supports is one step to address these often difficult feelings. I acknowledge that this can be a frightening process and want to assure you that I will meet you where you are at; in a safe, kind, genuine and non-judgmental space. I have over 14 years of counselling and therapy experience in hospitals, community and government settings. I have helped individuals of different ages, backgrounds and cultural groups with a wide range of difficulties.
(289) 273-7971 View (289) 273-7971
AAA Wellness and Rehab, Inc.
Registered Social Worker, MSW,RSW, RP(Q), MACP
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients, No Waitlist! — Student Health Plans Accepted! — Are you overwhelmed? Are you procrastinating and want to stop? Do you not feel like yourself anymore? Are you feeling "on edge"? Are past traumas impacting your current relationships? Or, do you want to set and meet goals in your life but aren't sure where to start? — Taking that big first step of reaching out can be scary and intimidating, but it is a step forward that is for YOU. Therapy can give you an "outside" perspective that you need to make progress with your goals. — Reach out to set up a free 15-minute call to meet one of our therapists!
Accepting New Clients, No Waitlist! — Student Health Plans Accepted! — Are you overwhelmed? Are you procrastinating and want to stop? Do you not feel like yourself anymore? Are you feeling "on edge"? Are past traumas impacting your current relationships? Or, do you want to set and meet goals in your life but aren't sure where to start? — Taking that big first step of reaching out can be scary and intimidating, but it is a step forward that is for YOU. Therapy can give you an "outside" perspective that you need to make progress with your goals. — Reach out to set up a free 15-minute call to meet one of our therapists!
(289) 274-8025 View (289) 274-8025
Jinow Dualeh
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RSW, MACP, RP(q)
Verified Verified
I have experience working with individuals experiencing mental health issues and those living with mental illnesses such as Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, Anxiety as well as those living with a dual diagnosis. My hope is to work with individuals in creating a sense of stability in areas that may find overwhelming and isolating.
I have experience working with individuals experiencing mental health issues and those living with mental illnesses such as Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, Anxiety as well as those living with a dual diagnosis. My hope is to work with individuals in creating a sense of stability in areas that may find overwhelming and isolating.
(289) 272-6149 View (289) 272-6149
Photo of Brigette Sirineo, MDiv, RP(Q), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Brigette Sirineo
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MDiv, RP(Q)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck? Do you feel like there's no hope for change? Do you feel like the past keeps coming back? Are you struggling to balance it all? There can be a way out of just barely getting by, and move into true living to thrive. You are a whole person made up of your emotions, your thoughts, your past, your culture, your family patterns, your upbringing, your hopes and dreams for the future, and where you put your faith in. I want to help you integrate all those parts of you to figure out what you really want out of this life, so that who you are can better serve the goals you set out. You and your loved ones deserve it.
Are you feeling stuck? Do you feel like there's no hope for change? Do you feel like the past keeps coming back? Are you struggling to balance it all? There can be a way out of just barely getting by, and move into true living to thrive. You are a whole person made up of your emotions, your thoughts, your past, your culture, your family patterns, your upbringing, your hopes and dreams for the future, and where you put your faith in. I want to help you integrate all those parts of you to figure out what you really want out of this life, so that who you are can better serve the goals you set out. You and your loved ones deserve it.
(289) 301-7867 View (289) 301-7867
Photo of Andrew Carlquist, PsyD, CPsych, Psychologist
Andrew Carlquist
Psychologist, PsyD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with first responders, public safety personnel, military and veterans, and other emergency and trauma-exposed professionals. I help folks in these careers who are looking to protect against or recover from trauma, improve health and well-being, and build resilience, so that they may live happy and satisfying lives. There are unique challenges facing people in these lines of work and I am dedicated to providing culturally-competent care. Our team at Wayfound Mental Health provides clinical services to all front-line, trauma-exposed professionals, and if I'm not available then I can connect you with my team
I specialize in working with first responders, public safety personnel, military and veterans, and other emergency and trauma-exposed professionals. I help folks in these careers who are looking to protect against or recover from trauma, improve health and well-being, and build resilience, so that they may live happy and satisfying lives. There are unique challenges facing people in these lines of work and I am dedicated to providing culturally-competent care. Our team at Wayfound Mental Health provides clinical services to all front-line, trauma-exposed professionals, and if I'm not available then I can connect you with my team
(289) 278-3342 View (289) 278-3342
Photo of Julian Oleh, MSW, BSW, Registered Social Worker
Julian Oleh
Registered Social Worker, MSW, BSW
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
I am a Registered Social Worker with experience supporting clients in hospital and community healthcare settings. I support adults experiencing mood and anxiety disorders, grief, burnout and cross-cultural challenges. I incorporate a client-centred, non-judgmental, collaborative based approach to work towards the development of healthy coping strategies.
I am a Registered Social Worker with experience supporting clients in hospital and community healthcare settings. I support adults experiencing mood and anxiety disorders, grief, burnout and cross-cultural challenges. I incorporate a client-centred, non-judgmental, collaborative based approach to work towards the development of healthy coping strategies.
(437) 747-5166 View (437) 747-5166
Photo of Sobia Mansoor, MSc,  BEd, TEFL, ABA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Sobia Mansoor
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MSc, BEd, TEFL, ABA
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Are you ready for a journey of self-discovery and growth? As an experienced psychotherapist and behavioral therapist, I offer a warm, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings. Using Applied Behavior Analysis and CBT techniques, I provide tailored support for Career Development Coaching, Leadership Development, Interview Preparation, and Public Speaking. Together, we’ll tackle anxiety, depression, and relationship challenges, gaining insight and developing coping skills for a more fulfilling life. I also offer pro-bono services to support those in need. Let’s work together to unlock your full potential!
Are you ready for a journey of self-discovery and growth? As an experienced psychotherapist and behavioral therapist, I offer a warm, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings. Using Applied Behavior Analysis and CBT techniques, I provide tailored support for Career Development Coaching, Leadership Development, Interview Preparation, and Public Speaking. Together, we’ll tackle anxiety, depression, and relationship challenges, gaining insight and developing coping skills for a more fulfilling life. I also offer pro-bono services to support those in need. Let’s work together to unlock your full potential!
(365) 544-4547 View (365) 544-4547
Photo of Jalini Jeyaraman, MA, Registered Psychotherapist
Jalini Jeyaraman
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
Are you struggling in your relationship or marriage? Are you anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Are you burnt out or struggling to focus? Are you seeking out coping skills or learn ways to avoid conflict in your relationships? I believe that therapy is a partnership, and I am committed to working collaboratively with you to explore emotions, access inner resources, work through relationship difficulties, create strategies, and develop tools in support of healing and growth.
Are you struggling in your relationship or marriage? Are you anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Are you burnt out or struggling to focus? Are you seeking out coping skills or learn ways to avoid conflict in your relationships? I believe that therapy is a partnership, and I am committed to working collaboratively with you to explore emotions, access inner resources, work through relationship difficulties, create strategies, and develop tools in support of healing and growth.
(289) 273-4121 View (289) 273-4121
Photo of Anthony Michael Yacub, BA, MA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Anthony Michael Yacub
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
With a degree in economics and work experience in the financial industry and education, I specialize in treating people with mental health challenges who belong in positions of trust, management, and role transition. In addition, I also work with adolescents, pre-teen, teen, and young adults with mental health challenges balancing role transitions, decision-making, and psychodynamic growth. I look forward to working with you on your therapeutic journey. Please get in touch with me as I offer a 15-minute complimentary consultation and only see clients by appointment.
With a degree in economics and work experience in the financial industry and education, I specialize in treating people with mental health challenges who belong in positions of trust, management, and role transition. In addition, I also work with adolescents, pre-teen, teen, and young adults with mental health challenges balancing role transitions, decision-making, and psychodynamic growth. I look forward to working with you on your therapeutic journey. Please get in touch with me as I offer a 15-minute complimentary consultation and only see clients by appointment.
(289) 797-6755 View (289) 797-6755
Photo of Cajaani Velautham, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Cajaani Velautham
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Trauma lives in our bodies whether we recognize it or not. Although we might not know exactly what or how we are feeling, our bodies keep track. We’ve witnessed and experienced many things that have shaped us and how we perceive the world around us. As your therapist, I will hold a safe and confidential space for you to open up and unpack the trauma that is stored in your mind, body, and soul. As a first-generation Tamil Canadian, I recognize the impacts of intergenerational and racial trauma and how it affects the way we navigate different spaces and various relationships.
Trauma lives in our bodies whether we recognize it or not. Although we might not know exactly what or how we are feeling, our bodies keep track. We’ve witnessed and experienced many things that have shaped us and how we perceive the world around us. As your therapist, I will hold a safe and confidential space for you to open up and unpack the trauma that is stored in your mind, body, and soul. As a first-generation Tamil Canadian, I recognize the impacts of intergenerational and racial trauma and how it affects the way we navigate different spaces and various relationships.
(289) 275-9087 View (289) 275-9087
Photo of Cheryl G. Westlake, CYW, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Cheryl G. Westlake
Registered Psychotherapist, CYW, RP
Verified Verified
It is a stressful and anxious time, post pandemic and we are all processing that in different ways. I am a Registered Psychotherapist and Child and Youth Care Practitioner with over 25 years experience working with individuals, couples, co-parents, children, teens and families. I have been a long-term foster parent to adolescents. I work with people of all ages. I have experience in education, private practice and non-profit sectors. My hours are quite flexible. I offer telephone, virtual and limited in person.
It is a stressful and anxious time, post pandemic and we are all processing that in different ways. I am a Registered Psychotherapist and Child and Youth Care Practitioner with over 25 years experience working with individuals, couples, co-parents, children, teens and families. I have been a long-term foster parent to adolescents. I work with people of all ages. I have experience in education, private practice and non-profit sectors. My hours are quite flexible. I offer telephone, virtual and limited in person.
(833) 934-1744 View (833) 934-1744
Photo of Rama Arora-Persaud, OT, Reg , (Ont), Occupational Therapist
Rama Arora-Persaud
Occupational Therapist, OT, Reg , (Ont)
Verified Verified
Scarborough, ON M1B  (Online Only)
As humans it is easy to feel overwhelmed by our thoughts and emotions and manage their impact on our relationships and reaching life goals. Making sense of life and feeling more balanced is possible when working with a therapist you feel connected and comfortable with. My therapy approach is grounded in the values of acceptance, compassion, authenticity, and collaboration.
As humans it is easy to feel overwhelmed by our thoughts and emotions and manage their impact on our relationships and reaching life goals. Making sense of life and feeling more balanced is possible when working with a therapist you feel connected and comfortable with. My therapy approach is grounded in the values of acceptance, compassion, authenticity, and collaboration.
(289) 216-5774 View (289) 216-5774
Photo of Simple Chhabra, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Simple Chhabra
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Registered Psychotherapist with 20+ years of experience in supporting individuals during their difficult phases of life journey. My role is to meet you where you are and work collaboratively at your own pace towards your goals.
I am a Registered Psychotherapist with 20+ years of experience in supporting individuals during their difficult phases of life journey. My role is to meet you where you are and work collaboratively at your own pace towards your goals.
(289) 797-1270 View (289) 797-1270

See more therapy options for M1B

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in M1B

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in M1B who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
88% Depression
87% Self Esteem
81% Relationship Issues
79% Stress
78% Coping Skills
70% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Green Shield Canada
68% SunLife
59% Manulife

How Counsellors in M1B see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in M1B?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.