Counselling in Aberfoyle Park, SA

Photo of Michelle Hawke - Spiral of Life, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Spiral of Life
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
At the heart of Spiral of Life’s philosophy is that, although many things in life can challenge us, we are capable of creating positive change in our lives through learning, healing and growing. Central to our practice are conversations that ultimately lead to self-empowerment, whatever pathway that takes. Improve your connection within yourself and with others - reach out and make a time to connect with us!
At the heart of Spiral of Life’s philosophy is that, although many things in life can challenge us, we are capable of creating positive change in our lives through learning, healing and growing. Central to our practice are conversations that ultimately lead to self-empowerment, whatever pathway that takes. Improve your connection within yourself and with others - reach out and make a time to connect with us!
(08) 7184 0935 View (08) 7184 0935
Photo of Louis van der Berg, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Louis van der Berg
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
People seeking psychological services know that it is a deeply personal experience to connect with another human being trying to improve their life experience. I have always believed in personal service, the one-on-one conversation where the person feels heard and validated, instead of big business where clients feel like a number. I aim to be respectful and connected and ensure a high standard of care for all my clients.
People seeking psychological services know that it is a deeply personal experience to connect with another human being trying to improve their life experience. I have always believed in personal service, the one-on-one conversation where the person feels heard and validated, instead of big business where clients feel like a number. I aim to be respectful and connected and ensure a high standard of care for all my clients.
(08) 7100 9531 View (08) 7100 9531
Photo of Joey Men, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joey Men
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
I am a psychotherapist and Accredited Mental Health Social Worker practicing in both private and public mental health services. I specialise in providing schema therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT). Extensive research suggests that these specialties can be integrated and effective for a range of mental health conditions. I have completed approved training by the International Society of Schema Therapy (ISST) and am undergoing Individual Schema Therapy trainee program. I am also undergoing CBT-E training for treating eating disorders.
I am a psychotherapist and Accredited Mental Health Social Worker practicing in both private and public mental health services. I specialise in providing schema therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT). Extensive research suggests that these specialties can be integrated and effective for a range of mental health conditions. I have completed approved training by the International Society of Schema Therapy (ISST) and am undergoing Individual Schema Therapy trainee program. I am also undergoing CBT-E training for treating eating disorders.
(08) 7008 7771 View (08) 7008 7771
Photo of Stephanie Carter, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Stephanie Carter
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
I work one to one with people aged 18 and over who are seeking support with issues such as: domestic violence & abuse; relationship boundaries; self-compassion & self-esteem; trauma (including early life trauma); life transitions and grief & loss. Currently I am working via telehealth/phone or walk and talk (outside) appointments but am taking expressions of interest for people who may prefer to work face to face indoors.
I work one to one with people aged 18 and over who are seeking support with issues such as: domestic violence & abuse; relationship boundaries; self-compassion & self-esteem; trauma (including early life trauma); life transitions and grief & loss. Currently I am working via telehealth/phone or walk and talk (outside) appointments but am taking expressions of interest for people who may prefer to work face to face indoors.
(08) 7184 0538 View (08) 7184 0538
Photo of Simon Bartz - Elevate Counselling, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Elevate Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
Guys, are you sick and tired of waking up sick and tired? Monotonous cycles feel automated, leading to feelings of hopelessness in the daily grind. This can lead to procrastination, anxieties, diminished self-worth or addiction. I know how harrowing this can be. Reaching out for help can be daunting and confronting. Talking with family or friends feels too close to home. Don’t let your thoughts and feelings take a back seat by internalising or ignoring them. Left unaddressed, this can considerably influence your mental wellbeing by clouding over a sense of hope, a brighter future & the best version of you. So what’s the next step?
Guys, are you sick and tired of waking up sick and tired? Monotonous cycles feel automated, leading to feelings of hopelessness in the daily grind. This can lead to procrastination, anxieties, diminished self-worth or addiction. I know how harrowing this can be. Reaching out for help can be daunting and confronting. Talking with family or friends feels too close to home. Don’t let your thoughts and feelings take a back seat by internalising or ignoring them. Left unaddressed, this can considerably influence your mental wellbeing by clouding over a sense of hope, a brighter future & the best version of you. So what’s the next step?
(08) 7184 5942 View (08) 7184 5942
Photo of Glenda Needs - InsideArts, MSc, AThR, Psychotherapist
InsideArts
Psychotherapist, MSc, AThR
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Aberfoyle Park, SA 5159
Life is tough sometimes. Sometimes much of our life is tough. Where once we had extended family, tribal elders, caring friends, the shaman or others to support us is navigating life's challenges, many of us don't have those supports anymore. Our modern world has made seeking therapy a necessity as other options aren't available. The team at InsideArts believes in everyone's capacity for kindness, growth and acheiving their personal best. Whether a child or an adult, we believe a "strive to thrive" is fundamental. All it takes often is a little support to bring out the best in every child, teen and adult.
Life is tough sometimes. Sometimes much of our life is tough. Where once we had extended family, tribal elders, caring friends, the shaman or others to support us is navigating life's challenges, many of us don't have those supports anymore. Our modern world has made seeking therapy a necessity as other options aren't available. The team at InsideArts believes in everyone's capacity for kindness, growth and acheiving their personal best. Whether a child or an adult, we believe a "strive to thrive" is fundamental. All it takes often is a little support to bring out the best in every child, teen and adult.
(08) 7110 0006 View (08) 7110 0006

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jayne Elliott - Safe Space Therapies, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Safe Space Therapies
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158  (Online Only)
Get help now. If you're looking to connect with someone who has a sense of humour and an approachable manner Jayne may be that person. Her lived experiences give her insight into different ways of being whilst her tranquil, calm nature make her easy to talk to. Jayne is a Registered Counsellor, with a 20 year yoga and mindfulness practice, whose mission statement is to help clients build resilience, life skills and compassion. Jayne has over 10 years of nursing experience, often working in traumatic and stressful situations where her positive nature and joyful outlook lift the mood when others find it hard to keep smiling.
Get help now. If you're looking to connect with someone who has a sense of humour and an approachable manner Jayne may be that person. Her lived experiences give her insight into different ways of being whilst her tranquil, calm nature make her easy to talk to. Jayne is a Registered Counsellor, with a 20 year yoga and mindfulness practice, whose mission statement is to help clients build resilience, life skills and compassion. Jayne has over 10 years of nursing experience, often working in traumatic and stressful situations where her positive nature and joyful outlook lift the mood when others find it hard to keep smiling.
(08) 7008 7144 View (08) 7008 7144
Photo of Mandy Flint, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mandy Flint
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
I am a accredited Mental Health Social Worker and a trauma survivor. I have over 20 years experience in the welfare and trauma field, including therapeutic work in women's health, domestic violence, child protection, foster care, family support and trauma informed practice training. I work from a trauma informed and empowerment approach, which acknowledges that you are the expert in your own life. I offer a safe and confidential therapeutic space for clients to work through and resolve issues that impact their day to day lives.
I am a accredited Mental Health Social Worker and a trauma survivor. I have over 20 years experience in the welfare and trauma field, including therapeutic work in women's health, domestic violence, child protection, foster care, family support and trauma informed practice training. I work from a trauma informed and empowerment approach, which acknowledges that you are the expert in your own life. I offer a safe and confidential therapeutic space for clients to work through and resolve issues that impact their day to day lives.
(08) 7477 7677 View (08) 7477 7677
Photo of Richard Hughes, ACA-L4, Counsellor
Richard Hughes
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Reynella East, SA 5161
I am in safe hands, clients tell me. They feel this because they know I really understand their issues. This understanding is informed by many years in social work, in counselling and through lived experience. Most of my clients come via word of mouth from former or current clients. Clients can always expect to be shown respect, never judged & never be told what to do. All people have individual needs, problems and therefore ways in which they are worked through. When clients feel no hope, I hold the hope for them. Life can be more than difficult sometimes and it is important to realise that seeking help is a sign of strength.
I am in safe hands, clients tell me. They feel this because they know I really understand their issues. This understanding is informed by many years in social work, in counselling and through lived experience. Most of my clients come via word of mouth from former or current clients. Clients can always expect to be shown respect, never judged & never be told what to do. All people have individual needs, problems and therefore ways in which they are worked through. When clients feel no hope, I hold the hope for them. Life can be more than difficult sometimes and it is important to realise that seeking help is a sign of strength.
(08) 7184 4338 View (08) 7184 4338
Photo of Louise Flaherty, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Louise Flaherty
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Woodcroft, SA 5162
I work holstically with adults, couples, families & teens who want understand how they can make change in their lives. I can be a neutral person to assist with skills to change or cope better with the situation. I love working with on life direction - Relationship struggles - Addiction - grief & loss - NDIS support - Nature therapy
I work holstically with adults, couples, families & teens who want understand how they can make change in their lives. I can be a neutral person to assist with skills to change or cope better with the situation. I love working with on life direction - Relationship struggles - Addiction - grief & loss - NDIS support - Nature therapy
(08) 7184 0782 View (08) 7184 0782
Photo of Nick Raymond - Evergreen Psychology Services, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Evergreen Psychology Services
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
Immediate availability - mental health treatment plans/medicare rebate, NDIS, or private paying. I listen carefully to my clients and seek to understand their experience, before collaborating on an approach that meets their goals and aims for therapy. I have a special interest in supporting clients to create a more meaningful and fulfilling life, while working through barriers such as anxiety, depression, stress and overwhelm. My approach is client-focused and incorporates evidence-based treatments including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy.
Immediate availability - mental health treatment plans/medicare rebate, NDIS, or private paying. I listen carefully to my clients and seek to understand their experience, before collaborating on an approach that meets their goals and aims for therapy. I have a special interest in supporting clients to create a more meaningful and fulfilling life, while working through barriers such as anxiety, depression, stress and overwhelm. My approach is client-focused and incorporates evidence-based treatments including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy.
(08) 7008 9850 View (08) 7008 9850
Photo of Cate Dayman - Salt Counselling and Wellbeing, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Salt Counselling and Wellbeing
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Morphett Vale, SA 5162  (Online Only)
Salt Counselling and Wellbeing is a telehealth counselling service owned and operated by Accredited Mental Health Social Worker, Cate. Cate provides counselling across a broad range of presentations but has advanced knowledge and experience providing treatment for trauma, anxiety and burnout. In addition to counselling, Cate provides training to organisations and community groups as well as supervision to social workers and other helping professionals.
Salt Counselling and Wellbeing is a telehealth counselling service owned and operated by Accredited Mental Health Social Worker, Cate. Cate provides counselling across a broad range of presentations but has advanced knowledge and experience providing treatment for trauma, anxiety and burnout. In addition to counselling, Cate provides training to organisations and community groups as well as supervision to social workers and other helping professionals.
(08) 7100 9153 View (08) 7100 9153
Photo of Marguerita Vandermeer, MA, ACA-L4, Counsellor
Marguerita Vandermeer
Counsellor, MA, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
An adaptable style with notable experience across many fields of human interest that appeals to the complex health client. These fields include social/cultural minority groups; psychological problems including anxiety and depression; childhood and development; family systems and relationships; grief, loss and trauma; and spiritual/life style dilemmas. Quote: “Ever desireless, one can see the great mystery.. and the mystery itself is the doorway to all understanding” (Tao teh Ching verse 1;10)
An adaptable style with notable experience across many fields of human interest that appeals to the complex health client. These fields include social/cultural minority groups; psychological problems including anxiety and depression; childhood and development; family systems and relationships; grief, loss and trauma; and spiritual/life style dilemmas. Quote: “Ever desireless, one can see the great mystery.. and the mystery itself is the doorway to all understanding” (Tao teh Ching verse 1;10)
(08) 7008 9836 View (08) 7008 9836
Photo of Stacey Wallace, PACFA, Counsellor
Stacey Wallace
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
O'Halloran Hill, SA 5158
Any client is an ideal client. Someone who is in need of finding themselves. I have no boundaries when it comes to clients.
Any client is an ideal client. Someone who is in need of finding themselves. I have no boundaries when it comes to clients.
(08) 7111 3967 View (08) 7111 3967
Photo of Bianca Shannon, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bianca Shannon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
Hello, I'm Bianca (She/Her), a vibrant, queer, and neurodivergent therapist with extensive experience as a therapist. I have had the privilege of working with diverse individuals from all walks of life. My passion lies in supporting those from the LGBTQIA+, neurodivergent, First Nations communities, and people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. As a queer, biracial individual, I understand the importance of creating a space where people feel truly accepted for who they are. My approach is grounded, compassionate, evidence-based, and welcoming.
Hello, I'm Bianca (She/Her), a vibrant, queer, and neurodivergent therapist with extensive experience as a therapist. I have had the privilege of working with diverse individuals from all walks of life. My passion lies in supporting those from the LGBTQIA+, neurodivergent, First Nations communities, and people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. As a queer, biracial individual, I understand the importance of creating a space where people feel truly accepted for who they are. My approach is grounded, compassionate, evidence-based, and welcoming.
(02) 8000 1415 View (02) 8000 1415
Photo of Jo Scott, MA, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jo Scott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, AASW
Verified Verified
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
I work with individuals facing overwhelming situations that result in emotional distress. I specialise in working with the complex issues of chronic health conditions (e.g. endometriosis, PCOS, adenomyosis, cancer), chronic pain, and trauma. I help people overcome isolation, loneliness, grief, loss of identity, self-worth issues, and negative body image. For more information, please visit my website, and if you’d like to chat via phone, kindly book a consultation through the site so I can ensure I have the time and space to give you my full attention.
I work with individuals facing overwhelming situations that result in emotional distress. I specialise in working with the complex issues of chronic health conditions (e.g. endometriosis, PCOS, adenomyosis, cancer), chronic pain, and trauma. I help people overcome isolation, loneliness, grief, loss of identity, self-worth issues, and negative body image. For more information, please visit my website, and if you’d like to chat via phone, kindly book a consultation through the site so I can ensure I have the time and space to give you my full attention.
(08) 7110 0786 View (08) 7110 0786
Photo of Lisa Gale - Green Door Counselling, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Green Door Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Morphett Vale, SA 5162
Neuro affirming practice, empowering Children, Young People and Parents. I provide therapy to private clients and NDIS participants. Supporting positive changes to live your best life. Find relief, guidance and connection with a compassionate counsellor who understands the amazing ND brain, parenting and life challenges. Rediscover your strength and reclaim joy.
Neuro affirming practice, empowering Children, Young People and Parents. I provide therapy to private clients and NDIS participants. Supporting positive changes to live your best life. Find relief, guidance and connection with a compassionate counsellor who understands the amazing ND brain, parenting and life challenges. Rediscover your strength and reclaim joy.
(08) 7110 0957 View (08) 7110 0957
Photo of Joanna Tinsley - Reach-out Counselling, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Reach-out Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
O'Halloran Hill, SA 5158
Reach-out Counselling offers you a safe space to share your feelings, thoughts and emotions without judgement or criticism. An opportunity to feel and be heard on your terms and in your time. A confidential conversation that respects you as an individual and the path that you choose to take. Somewhere to feel validated, respected and included minus the barriers and expectations of others. Often in our lives we feel overwhelmed by both past disappointments and the fear of what lies ahead.
Reach-out Counselling offers you a safe space to share your feelings, thoughts and emotions without judgement or criticism. An opportunity to feel and be heard on your terms and in your time. A confidential conversation that respects you as an individual and the path that you choose to take. Somewhere to feel validated, respected and included minus the barriers and expectations of others. Often in our lives we feel overwhelmed by both past disappointments and the fear of what lies ahead.
(08) 7184 4006 View (08) 7184 4006
Photo of Nathan Adams, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Nathan Adams
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hallett Cove, SA 5158
When struggling with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief & trauma & other issues, it is hard to gain perspective to understand your experience, your emotions, your problems and to see a way forward. These things can leave you feeling frustrated, exhausted and alone. It pays to speak with a mental health professional about your situation. I can provide the opportunity for you to share and make sense of your story in a safe environment where you will be heard & understood. After sharing your story we can work on specific goals and strategies to counter problems and promote more effective approaches.
When struggling with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief & trauma & other issues, it is hard to gain perspective to understand your experience, your emotions, your problems and to see a way forward. These things can leave you feeling frustrated, exhausted and alone. It pays to speak with a mental health professional about your situation. I can provide the opportunity for you to share and make sense of your story in a safe environment where you will be heard & understood. After sharing your story we can work on specific goals and strategies to counter problems and promote more effective approaches.
(08) 7100 9060 View (08) 7100 9060
Photo of Helen Birch, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Helen Birch
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Reynella, SA 5161
One of Helen’s top priorities is providing a safe and relaxed counselling environment, that enables her clients to feel at ease when sharing their challenges. Helen is an exceptional listener, and through collaborative exploration of the client’s past and present experiences, she aims to bring fresh clarity and awareness, encouraging her clients to explore different perspectives and set new goals. Helen uses a client-centred, intergrative approach, with a deep understanding of the effects of trauma on a person’s life.
One of Helen’s top priorities is providing a safe and relaxed counselling environment, that enables her clients to feel at ease when sharing their challenges. Helen is an exceptional listener, and through collaborative exploration of the client’s past and present experiences, she aims to bring fresh clarity and awareness, encouraging her clients to explore different perspectives and set new goals. Helen uses a client-centred, intergrative approach, with a deep understanding of the effects of trauma on a person’s life.
(08) 7184 0737 View (08) 7184 0737

See more therapy options for Aberfoyle Park

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Aberfoyle Park, SA

< 10

Counsellors in Aberfoyle Park, SA who prioritize treating:

83% Depression
83% Anxiety
83% Self Esteem
67% Addiction
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Emotional Disturbance
67% Stress

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Medicare Rebates
100% NDIS
50% Other

How Counsellors in Aberfoyle Park, SA see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

50% Female
50% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Aberfoyle Park?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.