Photo of Linda Thomson, MSc, AMHSW, Psychotherapist
Linda Thomson
Psychotherapist, MSc, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Medicare Approved! I am a Neurodivergent person who combines my lived experience with my tertiary education to be able to offer you the right support. I am passionate about relationship counselling - whether you are single and looking for love, healing from a prior relationship, going through a divorce/separation or even trying to embrace self-love and focus on the most important relationship of them all with yourself. I have the belief that connections to other people are what underpin our society but, sadly, so many people are struggling to connect with each other causing a lot of anxiety, & depression and loneliness.
Medicare Approved! I am a Neurodivergent person who combines my lived experience with my tertiary education to be able to offer you the right support. I am passionate about relationship counselling - whether you are single and looking for love, healing from a prior relationship, going through a divorce/separation or even trying to embrace self-love and focus on the most important relationship of them all with yourself. I have the belief that connections to other people are what underpin our society but, sadly, so many people are struggling to connect with each other causing a lot of anxiety, & depression and loneliness.
(07) 5230 7395 View (07) 5230 7395
Photo of Diane Violi @ Sunrise Psychotherapies, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Diane Violi @ Sunrise Psychotherapies
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
It is an honour working with people to support, educate and assist with life struggles and journeys. I have a holistic and trauma informed focus - and extensive experience in the treatment of anxiety, depression, personality disorders, PTSD, complex trauma and drugs & alcohol concerns. And enjoy working with parenting, relationship, and grief & loss issues; as well as life adjustment and transitions. I engage with a warm, person centered, strengths and mindfulness-based perspective.
It is an honour working with people to support, educate and assist with life struggles and journeys. I have a holistic and trauma informed focus - and extensive experience in the treatment of anxiety, depression, personality disorders, PTSD, complex trauma and drugs & alcohol concerns. And enjoy working with parenting, relationship, and grief & loss issues; as well as life adjustment and transitions. I engage with a warm, person centered, strengths and mindfulness-based perspective.
(07) 5224 2036 View (07) 5224 2036
Photo of Katrina Vlcek, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Katrina Vlcek
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cooroibah, QLD 4565
I understand that life can be overwhelming at times and taking the first step towards counselling is often the bravest step of all. I work with females over the age of 18 years of age who need a safe space to understand and address debilitating anxiety. Do you find yourself avoiding situations that cause you anxiety? Lets work together to uncover the underlying causes of your deep worries and fears. Counselling can help you to relax, and to look at situations in new and less frightening ways. Together we will develop healthier coping skills. If you are looking to restore some balance to your life, please reach out.
I understand that life can be overwhelming at times and taking the first step towards counselling is often the bravest step of all. I work with females over the age of 18 years of age who need a safe space to understand and address debilitating anxiety. Do you find yourself avoiding situations that cause you anxiety? Lets work together to uncover the underlying causes of your deep worries and fears. Counselling can help you to relax, and to look at situations in new and less frightening ways. Together we will develop healthier coping skills. If you are looking to restore some balance to your life, please reach out.
(07) 5240 2075 View (07) 5240 2075
Photo of Kristie Austin, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Kristie Austin
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Bulk billing available for Telehealth/Phone treatment sessions with a valid referral. Children (0-18 including developmental assessment and treatment of babies, premature infants and toddlers), Teens, Adults and Families. Office sessions are available also www.linkedin.com/in/kristie-a-8918b37b
Bulk billing available for Telehealth/Phone treatment sessions with a valid referral. Children (0-18 including developmental assessment and treatment of babies, premature infants and toddlers), Teens, Adults and Families. Office sessions are available also www.linkedin.com/in/kristie-a-8918b37b
(07) 5241 4865 View (07) 5241 4865
Photo of Bridie Minzenmay - Bloom Psychotherapy, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Bloom Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Cootharaba, QLD 4565
As a Gestalt psychotherapist, I work with anyone seeking a deeper connection with themselves, desiring to accept and integrate all aspects of their being. I work with a diverse range of individuals, guiding them in a compassionate, present-centered way, and supporting a space of non-judgment, safety, and trust. Together we explore and deepen self-awareness, offering clients to embrace every part of who they are and experience authentic growth and healing.
As a Gestalt psychotherapist, I work with anyone seeking a deeper connection with themselves, desiring to accept and integrate all aspects of their being. I work with a diverse range of individuals, guiding them in a compassionate, present-centered way, and supporting a space of non-judgment, safety, and trust. Together we explore and deepen self-awareness, offering clients to embrace every part of who they are and experience authentic growth and healing.
(07) 5235 8851 View (07) 5235 8851
Photo of Lisa Joseph - Lisa Joseph Psychology, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Lisa Joseph Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
If you are looking for caring, safe and confidential support you are in the right place! At Lisa Joseph Psychology we pride ourselves on offering individualised support to suit your needs. I take a holistic, heart-centred approach to therapy using relational, evidence-based and trauma-informed practice. I am passionate about helping people find a sense of well-being, meaning and purpose in their lives. I bring with me over 16 years of experience in psychotherapy, art therapy and more recently psychology. I have assisted hundreds of individuals to make lasting positive changes.
If you are looking for caring, safe and confidential support you are in the right place! At Lisa Joseph Psychology we pride ourselves on offering individualised support to suit your needs. I take a holistic, heart-centred approach to therapy using relational, evidence-based and trauma-informed practice. I am passionate about helping people find a sense of well-being, meaning and purpose in their lives. I bring with me over 16 years of experience in psychotherapy, art therapy and more recently psychology. I have assisted hundreds of individuals to make lasting positive changes.
(07) 5240 9027 View (07) 5240 9027
Photo of Cecilie O'Toole, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Cecilie O'Toole
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
I am a clinical psychologist with extensive experience in treating a variety of disorders. The clients I often work with might find themselves being stuck in life for different reasons. It might be trauma, burnout, anxiety or other circumstances that get in the way of living a fulfilling life and they are ready to make some changes. They are curious and interested in learning more about themselves and are motivated and ready to take some practical steps to make changes in their lives.
I am a clinical psychologist with extensive experience in treating a variety of disorders. The clients I often work with might find themselves being stuck in life for different reasons. It might be trauma, burnout, anxiety or other circumstances that get in the way of living a fulfilling life and they are ready to make some changes. They are curious and interested in learning more about themselves and are motivated and ready to take some practical steps to make changes in their lives.
(07) 5230 8103 View (07) 5230 8103
Photo of Joshua Shalevski, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Joshua Shalevski
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Josh is a warm and compassionate psychologist who provides an affirming therapeutic space to all people he works with. He has a keen interest in a wide range of psychological problems, with a passion for working with PTSD and trauma-related conditions. Josh strives to empower individuals to access their innate inner resources, and to walk alongside them on a path of healing & growth. Josh primarily works with individuals (age 14+) experiencing anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex trauma, anger, stress, and emotion dysregulation difficulties. He also has a keen interest in men’s mental health & ADHD.
Josh is a warm and compassionate psychologist who provides an affirming therapeutic space to all people he works with. He has a keen interest in a wide range of psychological problems, with a passion for working with PTSD and trauma-related conditions. Josh strives to empower individuals to access their innate inner resources, and to walk alongside them on a path of healing & growth. Josh primarily works with individuals (age 14+) experiencing anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex trauma, anger, stress, and emotion dysregulation difficulties. He also has a keen interest in men’s mental health & ADHD.
(07) 5230 8825 View (07) 5230 8825
Photo of Victoria Matthews, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Victoria Matthews
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tewantin, QLD 4565
You're looking for change, but not the same old, same old. You're looking for someone a little different, with a different approach. You're looking to understand, deeply, how you came to be where you are, and which direction to go from here. My work is designed to provide my clients with clarity, meaning and direction. I work with men, women, couples, families, teens and children, and support clients experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, trauma and personality disorders. I have a specialty area in supporting adolescents and my focus is on working with these issues within the context of the family structure.
You're looking for change, but not the same old, same old. You're looking for someone a little different, with a different approach. You're looking to understand, deeply, how you came to be where you are, and which direction to go from here. My work is designed to provide my clients with clarity, meaning and direction. I work with men, women, couples, families, teens and children, and support clients experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, trauma and personality disorders. I have a specialty area in supporting adolescents and my focus is on working with these issues within the context of the family structure.
(07) 3184 4337 View (07) 3184 4337
Photo of Elisa Spiller, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Elisa Spiller
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
My holistic approach acknowledges the interconnectedness of mind, body and spirit to transform mental wellbeing. I combine empathy, evidence-based practices, mindfulness and collaboration along your therapeutic journey. Whether you're navigating life transitions, seeking stress management strategies, or exploring personal development, I'm here to guide you. Together, we'll create a safe and empowering space for self-discovery toward a life with greater meaning, mindfulness and consciousness.
My holistic approach acknowledges the interconnectedness of mind, body and spirit to transform mental wellbeing. I combine empathy, evidence-based practices, mindfulness and collaboration along your therapeutic journey. Whether you're navigating life transitions, seeking stress management strategies, or exploring personal development, I'm here to guide you. Together, we'll create a safe and empowering space for self-discovery toward a life with greater meaning, mindfulness and consciousness.
(07) 5235 5557 View (07) 5235 5557
Photo of Josie Coco, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Josie Coco
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tewantin, QLD 4565
When life becomes challenging, our time together will support you to overcome mental and emotional obstacles to thriving and living well. My work is trauma informed with multiple evidence-based and evidence-informed therapy methodologies to provide an wholistic approach. Private health funds have approved my psychotherapy work with provider numbers, if you have the appropriate health insurance cover. I work with private clients only, and support students of Gestalt Psychotherapy. Schedule a complimentary discovery call, through my website.
When life becomes challenging, our time together will support you to overcome mental and emotional obstacles to thriving and living well. My work is trauma informed with multiple evidence-based and evidence-informed therapy methodologies to provide an wholistic approach. Private health funds have approved my psychotherapy work with provider numbers, if you have the appropriate health insurance cover. I work with private clients only, and support students of Gestalt Psychotherapy. Schedule a complimentary discovery call, through my website.
(07) 5224 2070 View (07) 5224 2070
Photo of Jane Dodding, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Jane Dodding
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Noosa North Shore, QLD 4565  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience working with adults who are often struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, and/or interpersonal relationships. Using telehealth, gives you the ability to get support from the privacy and comfort of your own home or elsewhere you feel safe. I provide a kind, warm, empathetic environment for you to explore your concerns and symptoms and I support you to expand your psychological flexibility and enhance coping strategies. I specialise in working with rural communities, mining families, and health professionals.
I have extensive experience working with adults who are often struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, and/or interpersonal relationships. Using telehealth, gives you the ability to get support from the privacy and comfort of your own home or elsewhere you feel safe. I provide a kind, warm, empathetic environment for you to explore your concerns and symptoms and I support you to expand your psychological flexibility and enhance coping strategies. I specialise in working with rural communities, mining families, and health professionals.
(08) 7008 7171 View (08) 7008 7171
Photo of Sara Ekenstierna - Ekenstierna Psykologkonsult , MSc
Ekenstierna Psykologkonsult
MSc
Verified Verified
Noosa North Shore, QLD 4565  (Online Only)
Sara Ekenstierna is founder of Ekenstierna Psykologkonsult and Oakstar Coaching & Consulting. She is a licensed psychologist in private practice in Sweden. She has nearly twenty years of experience in the field, mainly from short term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP) underpinned by existential thought, while also from psychiatry and organizational psychology. Sara is a published writer. She was a columnist for the popular Swedish professional magazine Psykologtidningen. Sara is a frequent speaker at conferences and a fellow of five divisions of the American Psychological Association, as well as of the American Philosophical Association.
Sara Ekenstierna is founder of Ekenstierna Psykologkonsult and Oakstar Coaching & Consulting. She is a licensed psychologist in private practice in Sweden. She has nearly twenty years of experience in the field, mainly from short term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP) underpinned by existential thought, while also from psychiatry and organizational psychology. Sara is a published writer. She was a columnist for the popular Swedish professional magazine Psykologtidningen. Sara is a frequent speaker at conferences and a fellow of five divisions of the American Psychological Association, as well as of the American Philosophical Association.
(07) 5240 9980 View (07) 5240 9980
Photo of Paulette Gee, MPsych
Paulette Gee
MPsych
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
I am passionate about neuroscience that enables us to become aware of the neurophysiological circuits that drive us mostly unbeknowns to us at a conscious level. Psychoeducation is paramount to gain resilience and self-regulation. Those who become well-equipped to change their unwanted, undesirable behaviours are people who understand how to use their superpowers for quality-of-life instead of mismanaging them in ways that can have devastating effects on their wellbeing and life trajectory. Together we can work on reacquainting you with your former self or reinventing a new You poised to navigate life with a greater ease.
I am passionate about neuroscience that enables us to become aware of the neurophysiological circuits that drive us mostly unbeknowns to us at a conscious level. Psychoeducation is paramount to gain resilience and self-regulation. Those who become well-equipped to change their unwanted, undesirable behaviours are people who understand how to use their superpowers for quality-of-life instead of mismanaging them in ways that can have devastating effects on their wellbeing and life trajectory. Together we can work on reacquainting you with your former self or reinventing a new You poised to navigate life with a greater ease.
(07) 5224 2162 View (07) 5224 2162
Photo of Nikola Porter, MA, CCAA Prov, Counsellor
Nikola Porter
Counsellor, MA, CCAA Prov
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Olive Grove Counselling provides safe and confidential Christian counselling services that are tailored to your unique needs. We blend Biblical principles with evidence-based therapeutic techniques to provide you with the best possible counselling experience, which will inspire and equip you towards an assurance of life filled with hope and a future.
Olive Grove Counselling provides safe and confidential Christian counselling services that are tailored to your unique needs. We blend Biblical principles with evidence-based therapeutic techniques to provide you with the best possible counselling experience, which will inspire and equip you towards an assurance of life filled with hope and a future.
(07) 5241 1823 View (07) 5241 1823
Photo of Maria Hull - Maria Hull Noosa Counselling, MA, PACFA, Counsellor
Maria Hull Noosa Counselling
Counsellor, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Maria Hull Noosa Counselling provides a caring and personalized marriage therapy for couples who desire to repair and grow towards a healthy relationship, as well as help with understanding past challenges and let downs that may have been left unresolved.
Maria Hull Noosa Counselling provides a caring and personalized marriage therapy for couples who desire to repair and grow towards a healthy relationship, as well as help with understanding past challenges and let downs that may have been left unresolved.
(07) 5451 4032 View (07) 5451 4032
Photo of Sinead Grimes-Garra, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Sinead Grimes-Garra
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
Life can get difficult, and sometimes a little help from a professional Psychologist can make things better. I am passionate about breaking down the barriers and stigmas of mental health and choosing to see a psychologist. I provide care that is scientifically evidenced based, friendly and caring, laid back and no nonsense. I appreciate the courage it takes for individuals to seek help and aim to establish a therapeutic relationship that is non-judgmental and supportive whilst enhancing a client’s independence.
Life can get difficult, and sometimes a little help from a professional Psychologist can make things better. I am passionate about breaking down the barriers and stigmas of mental health and choosing to see a psychologist. I provide care that is scientifically evidenced based, friendly and caring, laid back and no nonsense. I appreciate the courage it takes for individuals to seek help and aim to establish a therapeutic relationship that is non-judgmental and supportive whilst enhancing a client’s independence.
(07) 2104 1988 View (07) 2104 1988
Photo of Heidi Germann, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Heidi Germann
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
I am very privileged to work with clients who are interested in their self growth and development. Most of the time when people come to see a psychologist they are wanting to have some change in their life and they need the space to talk through their issues. I love providing a safe, confidential place for people to explore the difficulties and life experiences that have been challenging for them.
I am very privileged to work with clients who are interested in their self growth and development. Most of the time when people come to see a psychologist they are wanting to have some change in their life and they need the space to talk through their issues. I love providing a safe, confidential place for people to explore the difficulties and life experiences that have been challenging for them.
(07) 5241 4817 View (07) 5241 4817
Photo of Marnie Morat, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Marnie Morat
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tewantin, QLD 4565
We all need a little help at times. If you are struggling to cope with life's challenges and need help to uncover the way forward and lead a happier and more fulfilling life, I can help. If you need someone who will listen with compassion and without judgement, to support you in letting go of what is holding you back and find your true potential, I can help. If you are suffering from pain, past trauma or heartache, I can help.
We all need a little help at times. If you are struggling to cope with life's challenges and need help to uncover the way forward and lead a happier and more fulfilling life, I can help. If you need someone who will listen with compassion and without judgement, to support you in letting go of what is holding you back and find your true potential, I can help. If you are suffering from pain, past trauma or heartache, I can help.
(07) 5235 6789 View (07) 5235 6789
Photo of Joana Miranda - Joana Miranda Counselling , AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joana Miranda Counselling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Tewantin, QLD 4565
I have extensive experience providing counselling support to individuals addressing their mental health issues including anxiety, depression, PTSD, grief and loss, personality disorders, alcohol/ drugs, family issues, parenting challenges, trauma and general overwhelm. Specific areas of interest is supporting people with their well-being and resilience, managing relationships, parenting and attachment, as well as working with children and teenagers. My practice is located on a property with trees and peaceful outlook, parking available on site. Medicare rebates of $81 or $106 available with a mental health care plan.
I have extensive experience providing counselling support to individuals addressing their mental health issues including anxiety, depression, PTSD, grief and loss, personality disorders, alcohol/ drugs, family issues, parenting challenges, trauma and general overwhelm. Specific areas of interest is supporting people with their well-being and resilience, managing relationships, parenting and attachment, as well as working with children and teenagers. My practice is located on a property with trees and peaceful outlook, parking available on site. Medicare rebates of $81 or $106 available with a mental health care plan.
(02) 5602 4116 View (02) 5602 4116
1

See more therapy options for 4565

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 4565

20+

Average cost per session

$170

Counsellors in 4565 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
86% Depression
73% Stress
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills
68% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Medicare Rebates
57% Medibank Private
57% NDIS

How Counsellors in 4565 see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

96% Female
4% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 4565?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.