Photo of Elke Ponczek, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Elke Ponczek
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Currently accepting new clients. Elke is offering telehealth psychological services (via videoconferencing and telephone). With more than 20 years of experience, she has worked with people from all walks of life. Working collaboratively, she takes a client-centred approach to help individuals identify and make the changes required to achieve their goals. Elke has an accepting and non-judgemental manner. Her friendly and warm approach facilitates openness as people explore their thoughts, feelings and behaviours in a safe space. Elke is an LGBTIQ+ affirming and aware practitioner.
Currently accepting new clients. Elke is offering telehealth psychological services (via videoconferencing and telephone). With more than 20 years of experience, she has worked with people from all walks of life. Working collaboratively, she takes a client-centred approach to help individuals identify and make the changes required to achieve their goals. Elke has an accepting and non-judgemental manner. Her friendly and warm approach facilitates openness as people explore their thoughts, feelings and behaviours in a safe space. Elke is an LGBTIQ+ affirming and aware practitioner.
(03) 7003 2763 View (03) 7003 2763
Photo of Phillipa A. Brown - MeHelp Psychology, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
MeHelp Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Struggling with life's challenges? Introducing MeHelp: Your Path to Personal Well-being. Discover a transformative online Psychology practice designed exclusively for clients across Australia. With our array of experienced psychologists. I am here to seamlessly pair you with the ideal psychologist who truly understands and supports your unique journey.
Struggling with life's challenges? Introducing MeHelp: Your Path to Personal Well-being. Discover a transformative online Psychology practice designed exclusively for clients across Australia. With our array of experienced psychologists. I am here to seamlessly pair you with the ideal psychologist who truly understands and supports your unique journey.
(03) 9111 2631 View (03) 9111 2631
Photo of Kelly Garfield, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Kelly Garfield
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
I provide a safe and non-judgemental space for my clients to explore and gain clarity about what is driving their emotional and behavioural patterns. My aim is to help my clients gain a better sense their internal world, improve their understanding of their emotional experiences, and help them learn how to regulate and respond to them more effectively. I have a strong interest in complex trauma and attachment issues and make sense of trauma symptoms within the context of family and community influences.
I provide a safe and non-judgemental space for my clients to explore and gain clarity about what is driving their emotional and behavioural patterns. My aim is to help my clients gain a better sense their internal world, improve their understanding of their emotional experiences, and help them learn how to regulate and respond to them more effectively. I have a strong interest in complex trauma and attachment issues and make sense of trauma symptoms within the context of family and community influences.
(03) 7003 2128 View (03) 7003 2128
Photo of Ravina Perera, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Ravina Perera
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Hi, my name is Ravina and I am a Psychologist who works with a wide range of presentations and communities. I pride myself on my ability to create a safe, empathetic and approachable space for clients, allowing for authenticity and enabling us to do our best therapeutic work. I have a special interest working with trauma in all its forms, and am trained in different modalities which allow me to help tackle the impact that trauma has had on an individual’s daily functioning as well as their deeper sense of identity and relational patterns.
Hi, my name is Ravina and I am a Psychologist who works with a wide range of presentations and communities. I pride myself on my ability to create a safe, empathetic and approachable space for clients, allowing for authenticity and enabling us to do our best therapeutic work. I have a special interest working with trauma in all its forms, and am trained in different modalities which allow me to help tackle the impact that trauma has had on an individual’s daily functioning as well as their deeper sense of identity and relational patterns.
(03) 7003 2688 View (03) 7003 2688
Photo of Nat Lysenko - Nat Lysenko EMDR Therapist, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Nat Lysenko EMDR Therapist
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Hi, I'm Nat, a Registered Psychologist working in Melbourne with a focus on EMDR and Schema Therapy. My approach is warm and collaborative and I enjoy working with people to tackle a range of concerns. I have experience assessing and treating anxiety (social anxiety, panic attacks, PTSD from traffic or other single incident accidents, phobias, and generalised anxiety disorder), depression, chronic stress/burnout, complex trauma and BPD. I value ongoing professional development and follow current research on what works in therapy.
Hi, I'm Nat, a Registered Psychologist working in Melbourne with a focus on EMDR and Schema Therapy. My approach is warm and collaborative and I enjoy working with people to tackle a range of concerns. I have experience assessing and treating anxiety (social anxiety, panic attacks, PTSD from traffic or other single incident accidents, phobias, and generalised anxiety disorder), depression, chronic stress/burnout, complex trauma and BPD. I value ongoing professional development and follow current research on what works in therapy.
(03) 7003 2946 View (03) 7003 2946
Photo of Dr Elizabeth Daff, PsychD, Psychologist
Dr Elizabeth Daff
Psychologist, PsychD
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
I provide individual treatment to adults via video for a range of concerns. I work with concerns around mood and anger, anxiousness, coping, trauma, intrusive or unpleasant thoughts and acting on these, personality and identity concerns, and relationship concerns, among other areas. I also work with people navigating big changes in life (e.g., parenthood, retirement, loss). While I work with everyone, I have particular interest and experience working in men's health.
I provide individual treatment to adults via video for a range of concerns. I work with concerns around mood and anger, anxiousness, coping, trauma, intrusive or unpleasant thoughts and acting on these, personality and identity concerns, and relationship concerns, among other areas. I also work with people navigating big changes in life (e.g., parenthood, retirement, loss). While I work with everyone, I have particular interest and experience working in men's health.
(03) 7003 2609 View (03) 7003 2609
Photo of Chris Pucinischi, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Chris Pucinischi
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Chris is a nationally recognised general psychologist, who works with adults to address psychological issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, assertiveness, and emotional regulation difficulties (e.g., anger, distress, etc.) He focuses on helping clients to identify and achieve their goals in a values consistent manner, which means we focus on helping you be the person you want to be and learn to respect your actions and yourself.
Chris is a nationally recognised general psychologist, who works with adults to address psychological issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, assertiveness, and emotional regulation difficulties (e.g., anger, distress, etc.) He focuses on helping clients to identify and achieve their goals in a values consistent manner, which means we focus on helping you be the person you want to be and learn to respect your actions and yourself.
(03) 7003 2537 View (03) 7003 2537
Photo of Rohita Atri - People Psychology, MPsych, PsyBA - Org. Psych., Psychologist
Rohita Atri - People Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Org. Psych.
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Rohita Atri is a registered psychologist with over 16 years’ experience. Her key interests lie in supporting clients in emotional management, anxiety, stress and depression. Due to working and living in a number of countries, Rohita appreciates the impact of culture in families and can support cross cultural clients navigate through difficulties in adjusting in school or the workplace. Rohita is very experienced in dealing with workplace challenges and also experienced in supporting clients through stress, anxiety and depression.
Rohita Atri is a registered psychologist with over 16 years’ experience. Her key interests lie in supporting clients in emotional management, anxiety, stress and depression. Due to working and living in a number of countries, Rohita appreciates the impact of culture in families and can support cross cultural clients navigate through difficulties in adjusting in school or the workplace. Rohita is very experienced in dealing with workplace challenges and also experienced in supporting clients through stress, anxiety and depression.
(03) 7003 2992 View (03) 7003 2992
Photo of Hoa Pham - People Psychology, MA, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Hoa Pham - People Psychology
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Hoa is a fully registered counselling Psychologist who works with adults with a wide range of presenting issues including stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss, and relationship difficulties. She is passionate about providing a safe space for clients to explore their situations and investigate ways for change. How can Hoa help you? Whether you need support, guidance, motivation or counselling, she can assist you in your journey. Please feel free to book an initial consultation with her.
Hoa is a fully registered counselling Psychologist who works with adults with a wide range of presenting issues including stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss, and relationship difficulties. She is passionate about providing a safe space for clients to explore their situations and investigate ways for change. How can Hoa help you? Whether you need support, guidance, motivation or counselling, she can assist you in your journey. Please feel free to book an initial consultation with her.
(03) 9034 6053 View (03) 9034 6053
Photo of Daniel John Van der Pluym - Deeper Potential, Assoc MAPS, Psychotherapist
Deeper Potential
Psychotherapist, Assoc MAPS
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Deeper Potential (Dan Van der Pluym) is a mental health and wellbeing coaching service specialising in helping adults with ADHD implement habits, systems and strategies to better manage their time, energy and attention. By implementing these elements people find a renewed sense of balance in their lives. Dan also specialises in working with people who have experienced burnout, failure, lost motivation and hope, to help them build a renewed sense of energy, hope, purpose and meaning in their lives.
Deeper Potential (Dan Van der Pluym) is a mental health and wellbeing coaching service specialising in helping adults with ADHD implement habits, systems and strategies to better manage their time, energy and attention. By implementing these elements people find a renewed sense of balance in their lives. Dan also specialises in working with people who have experienced burnout, failure, lost motivation and hope, to help them build a renewed sense of energy, hope, purpose and meaning in their lives.
(03) 7003 2224 View (03) 7003 2224
Photo of Shayne Horsman, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Shayne Horsman
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
I am a registered clinical psychologist. I partner with people from all walks and stages of life who are seeking psychological growth, and assistance to improve their mental health.
I am a registered clinical psychologist. I partner with people from all walks and stages of life who are seeking psychological growth, and assistance to improve their mental health.
(03) 7003 2059 View (03) 7003 2059
Photo of Dr Brooklyn Storme, PhD, Counsellor
Dr Brooklyn Storme
Counsellor, PhD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Unlock the secret to a thriving health practice with my 30 years of industry insight. You're not just another counsellor, psychologist or social worker; you're a visionary ready to elevate your career. My approach is about strategic empowerment, leveraging your innate wisdom to create a practice that not only succeeds but leads and feels values-congruent.
Unlock the secret to a thriving health practice with my 30 years of industry insight. You're not just another counsellor, psychologist or social worker; you're a visionary ready to elevate your career. My approach is about strategic empowerment, leveraging your innate wisdom to create a practice that not only succeeds but leads and feels values-congruent.
View
Photo of Dr Evelyn Gasparillo, PsychD, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Dr Evelyn Gasparillo
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Dr Evelyn Gasparillo works with adult from 18 to 80+. You can count on her professional skills to help you with a wide range of psychological and mental health concerns such as: • Depression and other mood related issues • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder • Anxiety, panic attacks and phobias • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder • Adjustment Disorder • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) • Self-esteem issues • Anger management • Grief and Loss • Sleep Problems • Work related stress • Significant life transitions and acculturation issues. • Chronic pain.
Dr Evelyn Gasparillo works with adult from 18 to 80+. You can count on her professional skills to help you with a wide range of psychological and mental health concerns such as: • Depression and other mood related issues • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder • Anxiety, panic attacks and phobias • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder • Adjustment Disorder • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) • Self-esteem issues • Anger management • Grief and Loss • Sleep Problems • Work related stress • Significant life transitions and acculturation issues. • Chronic pain.
(08) 6336 9960 View (08) 6336 9960
Photo of Ray Elliott - People Psychology, PsyBA - Org. Psych., Psychologist
Ray Elliott - People Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA - Org. Psych.
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Ray is an Organisational and Supervising Psychologist – AHPRA endorsed – with 25 years experience in general psychology practice. He empathetically engages with clients across the life span. His clients include couples, adolescents and families and adults in diverse contexts.
Ray is an Organisational and Supervising Psychologist – AHPRA endorsed – with 25 years experience in general psychology practice. He empathetically engages with clients across the life span. His clients include couples, adolescents and families and adults in diverse contexts.
(03) 7003 2592 View (03) 7003 2592
Photo of Naeem Rana, MC, ACA-L3, Counsellor
Naeem Rana
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Naeem has specialised training in trauma-informed practice, suicide prevention, self-harm, and couple’s counselling. His way of working is very holistic and person-centred. He supports clients in focusing and accessing core emotions to identify and process them. His work with clients helps them develop deeper meanings of their thought processes.
Naeem has specialised training in trauma-informed practice, suicide prevention, self-harm, and couple’s counselling. His way of working is very holistic and person-centred. He supports clients in focusing and accessing core emotions to identify and process them. His work with clients helps them develop deeper meanings of their thought processes.
(03) 7003 2143 View (03) 7003 2143
Photo of Charles Maddison, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charles Maddison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Waitlist for new clients
It's my job to make myself redundant with clients, to help them end their work with me equipped with insights & skills to better manage emotional challenges. I use EMDR to treat trauma from childhood, military service, sexual assault, family violence, road accidents & medical procedures. EMDR can also be helpful with workplace & social anxiety. In addition, I counsel adult clients with symptoms of autism such as rigid thinking & emotional barriers. I offer a safe space where intrusive & distressing thoughts can be safely explored, discussed respectfully & helpfully - & with some humour, but no nonsense.
It's my job to make myself redundant with clients, to help them end their work with me equipped with insights & skills to better manage emotional challenges. I use EMDR to treat trauma from childhood, military service, sexual assault, family violence, road accidents & medical procedures. EMDR can also be helpful with workplace & social anxiety. In addition, I counsel adult clients with symptoms of autism such as rigid thinking & emotional barriers. I offer a safe space where intrusive & distressing thoughts can be safely explored, discussed respectfully & helpfully - & with some humour, but no nonsense.
(03) 7003 2045 View (03) 7003 2045
Photo of Louise Du Chesne, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Louise Du Chesne
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Dr Louise Du Chesne is an experienced clinical psychologist. She has worked extensively with people recovering from traumatic and painful events including family violence, sexual assault and childhood abuse and neglect. She works with couples and individuals around their intimate personal relationships as well as with individuals who experience addiction, anxiety and depression. She also had experience in supporting people with health challenges such as cancer. Louise has a long history of working with members of LGBTIQ++ community. She welcomes referrals for assistance regarding LGBTIQ++ adults, couples and adolescents.
Dr Louise Du Chesne is an experienced clinical psychologist. She has worked extensively with people recovering from traumatic and painful events including family violence, sexual assault and childhood abuse and neglect. She works with couples and individuals around their intimate personal relationships as well as with individuals who experience addiction, anxiety and depression. She also had experience in supporting people with health challenges such as cancer. Louise has a long history of working with members of LGBTIQ++ community. She welcomes referrals for assistance regarding LGBTIQ++ adults, couples and adolescents.
(02) 4504 0154 View (02) 4504 0154
Photo of Lauren Beatty - Lauren Beatty - Tend Psychology, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Lauren Beatty - Tend Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melbourne, VIC 3000  (Online Only)
Personalised mental health support on your parenthood journey. You may be thinking about having a baby, trying to conceive, pregnant/expectant, postpartum, in the early years of parenthood or beyond. I offer one-to-one online therapy support (Australia wide) for many of the challenges that can be experienced along this journey. Areas of support include: anxiety, depression, adjusting to/coping with parenthood, connecting with your baby or child, loss and grief, stress, relationship difficulties, and parenting.
Personalised mental health support on your parenthood journey. You may be thinking about having a baby, trying to conceive, pregnant/expectant, postpartum, in the early years of parenthood or beyond. I offer one-to-one online therapy support (Australia wide) for many of the challenges that can be experienced along this journey. Areas of support include: anxiety, depression, adjusting to/coping with parenthood, connecting with your baby or child, loss and grief, stress, relationship difficulties, and parenting.
(03) 7003 2947 x61 View (03) 7003 2947 x61
Photo of Helen Werts - RMB Psychology, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
RMB Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Melbourne, VIC 3000
The key to successful therapy is the therapeutic relationship you and I develop over time. I know that you need to be seen, heard, validated and be able to trust me so I can provide you a safe trauma-informed care and practice. This model focuses on providing you with a safe space to explore and understand your life. I ask 'What happened to you?' and I bear witness to your story. I am an Accredited EMDR Practitioner (Consultant in training), Internal Family Systems Therapist (Level 2-Addictions), and a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner (in training Advanced). I have also been a Program Assistant on IFSI trainings in Australia.
The key to successful therapy is the therapeutic relationship you and I develop over time. I know that you need to be seen, heard, validated and be able to trust me so I can provide you a safe trauma-informed care and practice. This model focuses on providing you with a safe space to explore and understand your life. I ask 'What happened to you?' and I bear witness to your story. I am an Accredited EMDR Practitioner (Consultant in training), Internal Family Systems Therapist (Level 2-Addictions), and a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner (in training Advanced). I have also been a Program Assistant on IFSI trainings in Australia.
(03) 8372 0563 View (03) 8372 0563
Photo of Shuwana Shiraze - Psychotherapy for High Functioning Adults/Couples, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Psychotherapy for High Functioning Adults/Couples
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Melbourne, VIC 3000
Are you doing reasonably well in your professional world, but your personal life is in shambles? Have you done everything you thought you should do to bring you happiness, yet somehow feel something is amiss? Are you surrounded by people regularly, yet feel lonelier than ever? Or do you go from relationship to relationship, yet can never feel safe enough to deepen with the one? Have you gone down the self-help track, yet somehow feel disconnected from life? Do you feel hesitant to see a therapist, because you feel like you shouldn't have problems? Sound familiar? You're not alone. I've been there too and would love to support you.
Are you doing reasonably well in your professional world, but your personal life is in shambles? Have you done everything you thought you should do to bring you happiness, yet somehow feel something is amiss? Are you surrounded by people regularly, yet feel lonelier than ever? Or do you go from relationship to relationship, yet can never feel safe enough to deepen with the one? Have you gone down the self-help track, yet somehow feel disconnected from life? Do you feel hesitant to see a therapist, because you feel like you shouldn't have problems? Sound familiar? You're not alone. I've been there too and would love to support you.
(03) 8797 2621 View (03) 8797 2621
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See more therapy options for 3000

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in 3000

1,000+

Average cost per session

$179

Counsellors in 3000 who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
83% Depression
80% Stress
77% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Medicare Rebates
53% Bupa
43% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in 3000 see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in 3000?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.